This paper presents the most recent development in the research, implementation andissues for future studies of structural health monitoring systems for large span bridges in China. Aftera brief review on the large span bridge projects in recent years and main deterioration and defectsproblems of existing bridges, this paper puts the focus on the review of the following three aspects: theimplementation of structural health monitoring system for large span bridges, the advanced sensing,transmission, and system integration technologies, and the novel signal processing and conditionassessment techniques. Through the review, a discussion on the issues for the future implementationof structural health monitoring system is offered.