Abstract:Reductive soil disinfestation (RSD), alternatively named as biological soil disinfestation or anaerobic soil disinfestation, is proven to be an environmentally friendly method to control soil-borne disease. Microorganisms are regarded as the key contributors for RSD, however, the relative investigations about these microbe which was essential for the in deep understanding of RSD are deficient. In this study, RSD was performed in four soils, and the bacterial community during the RSD process was detected using pyrosequencing based on bacterial 16S rDNA. The results showed that RSD significantly changed soil bacterial community structure and reduced the bacterial richness and diversity. The relative abundance of Firmicute profoundly increased as an alternative of the decreases in the relative abundances of Actinobacteria and Acidobacteria. Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae and Clostridiaceae belonging to Clostridiales within Firmicute were the three dominant bacterial families during RSD process in most soils. Ruminococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae, rather than Clostridiaceae which was recognized as the key contributor, were tightly related to the pH decrease in RSD as an indicator of the SCFA accumulation. In addition to these mutual bacterial groups, the families Sphingobacteriales, Bacillales, Burkholderiales and Bacteroidales were also enriched in specific RSD treated soils.

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	1. The families Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae and Clostridiaceae are the dominant bacterial groups during reductive soil disinfestation
	HUANG Xinqi
	Agronomy 04 July 2017
	Show/Hide Abstract \| Cite this paper︱Full-text: PDF (912K B)

	Abstract:Reductive soil disinfestation (RSD), alternatively named as biological soil disinfestation or anaerobic soil disinfestation, is proven to be an environmentally friendly method to control soil-borne disease. Microorganisms are regarded as the key contributors for RSD, however, the relative investigations about these microbe which was essential for the in deep understanding of RSD are deficient. In this study, RSD was performed in four soils, and the bacterial community during the RSD process was detected using pyrosequencing based on bacterial 16S rDNA. The results showed that RSD significantly changed soil bacterial community structure and reduced the bacterial richness and diversity. The relative abundance of Firmicute profoundly increased as an alternative of the decreases in the relative abundances of Actinobacteria and Acidobacteria. Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae and Clostridiaceae belonging to Clostridiales within Firmicute were the three dominant bacterial families during RSD process in most soils. Ruminococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae, rather than Clostridiaceae which was recognized as the key contributor, were tightly related to the pH decrease in RSD as an indicator of the SCFA accumulation. In addition to these mutual bacterial groups, the families Sphingobacteriales, Bacillales, Burkholderiales and Bacteroidales were also enriched in specific RSD treated soils.
	TO cite this article:HUANG Xinqi. The families Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae and Clostridiaceae are the dominant bacterial groups during reductive soil disinfestation[OL].[ 4 July 2017] http://www.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4738505


	2. Influence of environmental factors on the occurrence of false smut on rice cultivar Wanxian 98
	LIN Yang,WU Weigang,JIANG Xuxiang,WANG Fei,LUO Chaoxi
	Agronomy 16 June 2017
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	Abstract:In order to obtain a more comprehensive understanding of epidemiology of rice false smut, the occurrence of false smut on rice cultivar Wanxian 98 was investigated under different environmental conditions. Results demonstrated that sowing dates significantly affected the occurrence of false smut on cultivar Wanxian 98. Regression analysis indicated that both the higher relative humidity 3 days before heading and lower relative humidity 3 weeks after heading of rice cultivar Wanxian 98 could increase the occurrence of this disease. This is the first report which shows the correlation between occurrence of rice false smut and meteorological factors in experimental fields. In the present study, the increased planting density did not lead to increased severity of rice false smut on rice cultivar Wanxian 98, suggesting that the influence of planting density on the occurrence of false smut might be cultivar specific. The increased planting density has potential risks to increase the severity of rice false smut on cultivars with lower tillering ability rather than on higher tillering cultivars. The enhanced nitrogen application in the early stage did not increase the severity of rice false smut on rice cultivar Wanxian 98, suggesting that nitrogen still can be applied at the early stage of rice growth even under false smut pressure.
	TO cite this article:LIN Yang,WU Weigang,JIANG Xuxiang, et al. Influence of environmental factors on the occurrence of false smut on rice cultivar Wanxian 98[OL].[16 June 2017] http://www.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4737715

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	3. Response of soil erosion processes and sediment sorting on steep rocky slope
	HAN Zhen,WANG Xiaoyan,SONG Dandan,LI Xinxin
	Agronomy 08 May 2017
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	Abstract:Purpose: This study aimed to (1) observe the effects of rock fragment content on slope erosion processes and eroded sediment selectivity; (2) acquire the effective and ultimate particle size distributions (PSDs) of sediments from slope erosion; and (3) elucidate the influencing factors and characteristics of eroded sediment particles. Materials and methods: The test soil used in this study was collected from Beibei, Xiema in Chongqing, China. We collected six separate soil samples with 0%, 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% rock fragments. The experiment were conducted on two parallel 5 m × 1 m × 0.4 m troughs. The rainfall simulation experiments were performed in the State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming in the Loess Plateau. After rainfall, we measured the sediment PSDs using MasterSizer 2000. The PSD data obtained after the sediment was fully dispersed into primary particles labeled the ultimate PSD; whereas those obtained without any dispersion treatment was labeled the effective PSD. Results and discussion: Results revealed that eroded sediment selectivity was represented by clay enrichment. The effective/ultimate ratio of the clay-sized sediments was <1, and this ratio increased as rock fragment contents increased. Silt-sized particles were transported mainly as primary particles because the effective/ultimate ratios of silt-sized particles were closer to 1 than other ratios. The enrichment ratios of sand-sized particles decreased from 0.79 to 0.55 as rock fragment contents increased. The effective/ultimate ratios of sand-sized particles were >1, and this finding suggested that most sand particles, especially those with low rock fragment contents, eroded as aggregates. Clay-, silt-, and sand-sized sediment aggregates were significantly correlated with sediment yield, rock fragment content, and runoff yield strength. Conclusions: The results showed that the runoff coefficient consistently increased as rock fragment contents increased. The soil loss ratio (SLR) and the erosion rate reduced as rock fragment content increased. The relationship between SLR and rock fragment content can be described well in terms of quadratic function. The silt-sized particles were transported mainly as primary particles. The clay-, silt-, and sand-sized sediment aggregates were significantly correlated with rock fragment content.
	TO cite this article:HAN Zhen,WANG Xiaoyan,SONG Dandan, et al. Response of soil erosion processes and sediment sorting on steep rocky slope[OL].[ 8 May 2017] http://www.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4732154


	4. Shedding light on the crosstalk of plant responses under multiple abiotic factors
	Bachar Dahro,LI Jihong,shichunmei
	Agronomy 05 May 2017
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	Abstract:The combination of drought, cold and salt factors could occur simultaneously in the field causing a huge loss of crop yields. Hence, the conventional breeding programs that focus on an individual abiotic stress is insufficient to enhance crop productivity in the field. Therefore, the investigation of molecular mechanisms that involve in several abiotic factors is considered as promised tool to improve plant tolerance against simultaneous abiotic stresses. Plants primarily evolved sophisticated regulatory mechanisms to adapt different environmental factors. Here, we reviewed that the effects of drought, salt and cold factors share in inducing cellular osmotic stress. In addition, we showed the crosstalk between the molecular mechanisms that are involved under different abiotic stresses. Overall, we conclude that understanding the physiological responses of plants under simultaneous environmental cues is prerequisite for genetic crop improvement.
	TO cite this article:Bachar Dahro,LI Jihong,shichunmei. Shedding light on the crosstalk of plant responses under multiple abiotic factors[OL].[ 5 May 2017] http://www.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4732957


	5. Effect of maize-soybean intercropping and nitrogen rates on crop nitrogen and carbon uptake in upland red soil
	YANG Wenting,MIAO Jianqun,WANG Xiaowei,XU Jiancheng,LU Meijuan
	Agronomy 04 May 2017
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	Abstract:The objective of this research was to determine the effect of cropping patterns (mono maize, mono soybean and maize-soybean intercropping) and nitrogen rates (0, 75, 150, 225, 300 kg/ha) on crop biomass, nitrogen and carbon accumulation in upland red soil. The results show that: Compared with sole maize, maize dry matter yield and carbon accumulation decreased when in intercropped soybean. Also, the interaction between intercropping and nitrogen rates changed nitrogen accumulation and distribution in crop grain, straw and root. Nitrogen application significantly increased maize dry matter yield, nitrogen and carbon accumulation, but reduced those of soybean. In a conclusion, corn-soybean intercropping and nitrogen rates affected the growth of corn and soybean in upland red soil, and changed the allocations of nitrogen and carbon. Maize-soybean intercropping should be an effective and sustainable cropping system for upland red soil.
	TO cite this article:YANG Wenting,MIAO Jianqun,WANG Xiaowei, et al. Effect of maize-soybean intercropping and nitrogen rates on crop nitrogen and carbon uptake in upland red soil[OL].[ 4 May 2017] http://www.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4732613


	6. Genome-wide analysis of the auxin/indoleacetic acid (Aux/IAA) gene family in allotetraploid rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)
	Li Haitao,Wang Jing
	Agronomy 04 May 2017
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	Abstract:Auxin/Indoleacetic acid (Aux/IAA) genes participate in the auxin signaling pathway and play key roles in plant growth and development. Although the Aux/IAA gene family has been identified in many plants, within allotetraploid Brassica napus little is known. In this study, a total of 119 non-redundant Aux/IAA genes were found in the genome of B. napus. They were distributed non-randomly across all 19 chromosomes and other non-anchored random scaffolds, with a symmetric distribution in the A and C subgenomes. Evolutionary and comparative analysis revealed that 111 (94.1%) B. napus Aux/IAA genes were multiplied due to ancestral Brassica genome triplication and recent allotetraploidy from B. rapa and B. oleracea. Phylogenetic analysis indicated seven subgroups containing 29 orthologous gene sets and two Brassica-specific gene sets. Structures of genes and proteins varied across different genes but were conserved among homologous genes. Furthermore, analysis of transcriptional profiles revealed that the expression patterns of Aux/IAA genes in B. napus were tissue dependent. Auxin-responsive elements tend to be distributed in the proximal region of promoters, and are significantly associated with early exogenous auxin up-regulation. This comprehensive analysis provides a deeper understanding of diversification of Aux/IAA gene family and will facilitate further dissection of Aux/IAA gene function in B. napus.
	TO cite this article:Li Haitao,Wang Jing. Genome-wide analysis of the auxin/indoleacetic acid (Aux/IAA) gene family in allotetraploid rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)[OL].[ 4 May 2017] http://www.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4732547


	7. Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the polyamine biosynthesis gene in sweet orange (Citrus sinensis)
	WuHao,Liu Jihong
	Agronomy 28 April 2017
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	Abstract:Polyamines (PAs) are low molecular weight, aliphatic polycations found in the cells of all living organisms. And in plants, a growing number of evidences support that PAs play important roles in abiotic stresses. In this study, a total of 18 polyamine biosynthesis genes which belong to 10 kinds of different polyamine biosynthesis enzymes were isolated from the entire citrus genome and a further analysis including the chromosomal locations, phylogenetic relationships, functional annotations, promoter analysis, and gene structures were performed. Tissue specific expression of these genes was detected in root, stem, leaf, pulp, peel, and callus. The polyamine biosynthesis gene displayed various responses to exogenous polyamines (putrescine, spermidine, spermine) and ABA treatments, and were differentially altered by abiotic stresses, including cold and salt. And the change patterns of three main polyamines during cold stress in leaves and callus were characterized. The comprehensive analysis of polyamine biosynthesis gene is helpful to exploit strategies to improve plant tolerance to multiple environmental stresses.
	TO cite this article:WuHao,Liu Jihong. Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the polyamine biosynthesis gene in sweet orange (Citrus sinensis)[OL].[28 April 2017] http://www.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4730680


	8. Sequence Variation and Functional Analysis of a FRIGIDA Orthologue (BnaA3.FRI) in Brassica napus
	YI Licong,WANG Jing
	Agronomy 28 April 2017
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	Abstract: Allelic variation at the FRIGIDA (FRI) locus is a major contributor to natural variation of flowering time and vernalization requirement in Arabidopsis thaliana. Dominant FRI inhibits flowering by activating the expression of the MADS box transcriptional repressor FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC), which represses flowering and responses to vernalization. Four FRI orthologues had been identified in the domesticated amphidiploid Brassica napus. Linkage and association studies had revealed that one of the FRI orthologues, BnaA3.FRI, contributes to flowering time variation and growth type differentiation. Haplotype analysis of the four BnaFRI copies indicated that only BnaA3.FRI was highly conserved in winter type oilseed rape. Polymorphism analysis of BnaA3.FRI using PCR markers in a panel of 174 B. napus accessions identified four haplotypes, all of which showed significantly non-random distribution (P < 0.01) among different growth types and geographical regions. In addition, a large number of nonsynonymous mutations within the coding region of BnaA3.FRI were revealed. Both association analysis and transgenic functional complementation demonstrated that mutations in the coding sequence of BnaA3.FRI lead to weak alleles, and subsequently to flowering time variation. This study for the first time provides a molecular basis for flowering time control by BnaA3.FRI in B. napus, and will facilitate predictive oilseed rape breeding to select varieties with favorable flowering time and better adaption to latitude and seasonal shifts due to changing climate.
	TO cite this article:YI Licong,WANG Jing. Sequence Variation and Functional Analysis of a FRIGIDA Orthologue (BnaA3.FRI) in Brassica napus[OL].[28 April 2017] http://www.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4729628


	9. OsANN4 confers stress induced by ABA signaling and regulates antioxidant accumulation
	Can Guan，Qian Zhang,Yingjie Gao,Jianchao Ma,Ying Zhu,Zhengge Zhu
	Agronomy 28 April 2017
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	Abstract:Annexins are Ca2+-dependent phospholipids-binding proteins constituting evolutionary conserved multigene family that widely distributed throughout animals and plants. OsANN4 is a member of rice annexin protein family. However, the functions and mechanisms of OsANN4 in stress responses and signal pathways remain unclear. GUS staining assay and quantitative RT-PCR indicated that the expression of OsANN4 is tissue-specific. In this study, OsANN4 expression was high at seedling stage. The plants which knocking down OsANN4 through RNA interference were more sensitive to ABA at the seeds germination stage comparing to wild type. It suggested that OsANN4 was involved in response to ABA signaling under abiotic stress. Furthermore, yeast two-hybrid assays demonstrated that OsANN4 interacted with OsCDPK24. This may provide potential regulation cross-talk in the abiotic stress response.
	TO cite this article:Can Guan，Qian Zhang,Yingjie Gao,Jianchao Ma, et al. OsANN4 confers stress induced by ABA signaling and regulates antioxidant accumulation[OL].[28 April 2017] http://www.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4730556


	10. Mapping QTLs for Rice Heat Tolerance at Heading Stage
	Zhang Changquan,Chenfei,Hongran,Li Qianfeng,Liu Qiaoquan
	Agronomy 25 April 2017
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	Abstract:In this paper, a japonica rice (Oryza sativa L.) variety Nipponbare, an indica variety 9311 and a set of chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs) which were generated using Nipponbare as the recipient parent and 9311 as the donor parent were used as the experimental materials. The CSSLs were grown in 2012 (normal temperature condition) and 2013 (high temperature condition) in Yangzhou, Jiangsu, and were used to map the quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for heat tolerance, based on the heat tolerance index [(The seed setting rate under normal temperature condition - The seed setting rate under high temperature condition) / The seed setting rate under normal temperature condition]. As a result, three QTLs for heat tolerance in rice were mapped on chromosomes 2, 4 and 12, respectively. They had LOD (logarithm of odds) scores of 2.56, 4.02 and 2.79, and contribution rates of 4. 95%, 7.99% and 5.44%. Among them, qHT12.1 showed positive effect, while qHT2.1 and qHT4.1 showed negative effect on heat tolerance. The results lay a foundation for the fine mapping and cloning of the QTLs and genes related to heat tolerance, and for the breeding of heat-tolerant rice varieties.
	TO cite this article:Zhang Changquan,Chenfei,Hongran, et al. Mapping QTLs for Rice Heat Tolerance at Heading Stage[OL].[25 April 2017] http://www.paper.edu.cn/en_releasepaper/content/4729165

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