Goldbach问题的三种解决方案
首发时间:2005-09-12
摘要:术语“命题 {1, b}”指每一个大偶数N都可以表为一个素数与一个不超过b个素因子的乘积之和. Goldbach问题中的筛法总是要求筛除每一个合数,这一要求通常会给筛法本身带来巨大的麻烦. 其实这个要求是不必要的. 作者发现,在仅仅筛除部分合数的情况下,至少存在3种方法可以解决Goldbach问题. 第一种方法是分割筛法. 其实在任意命题 {1, b} 得到证明的同时也就证明了命题 {1, 1}. 因为在命题 {1, b} 中的筛余整数中,存在大量素数,其中不大于N^(2/(1+b))的整数全都是素数. 只要能把这些素数甚至全体筛余素数从筛余整数中分离出来,并证明它们的数目大于零,也就证明了命题 {1, 1}. 这一想法可以用分割筛法实现. 第二种方法是整数分类筛法. 该法根据素因子个数对整数进行分类,然后用Selberg筛法和“分离变量法”确定每一类整数的个数,其中素数个数自然得以确定. 第三种方法是轻筛法. 这是一种只需筛除包含小素因子的整数的方法,它可用于计算所有素因子都不小于某一数值的整数个数. 利用轻筛法结合“分离变量法”,也可以得到Goldbach问题答案的一级近似的精确公式. 这些方法都是解决Goldbach问题的切实可行的方法. 孪生素数问题也可以同时得到解决.
关键词: 分割筛法 整数分类筛法 轻筛法 Goldbach问题 孪生素数问题
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Three Solutions of the Goldbach Problem
Abstract:he term of “Proposition {1, b}” means that every large even number can be expressed as a sum of a prime and a product of at most b primes. The sieve method for Goldbach problem is always claimed to sift out every composite number, which generally made a huge trouble for itself. In fact, this claim is not necessary. The author has found that there at least exist three methods which can solve the Goldbach problem under the condition that only partial composite numbers have been sifted out. The first one is “partition sieve”. In fact, the Proposition {1, 1} has already been solved at the moment when any Proposition {1, b} is proved to be true because there are a mass of primes in the residual integers of in the Proposition {1, b}, where the residual integers not exceeding N^(2/(1+b)) are all primes; as long as these primes or even all residual primes can be separated from the residual integers and prove the number of them to be greater than zero, then the Proposition {1, 1} is true! This
Keywords: Partition sieve Integer classification sieve Ethereal sieve Goldbach problem Problem of twin primes
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