双语者语言切换的认知与神经机制--从行为研究到脑成像研究
首发时间:2005-12-21
摘要:有关双语者语言切换机制的问题已引起心理语言学家和认知神经科学家们的广泛关注。目前研究工作分别在认知-行为层面和神经机制层面展开,并取得了很大的进展。认知-行为层面的研究发现,双语者在进行语言切换时会出现切换代价,进一步分析表明,语言切换代价来源于心理词典外部的语言任务图式之间的竞争,切换机制可能与中央执行控制机制有密切联系。语言切换的神经机制研究则表明,左侧额下回、双侧缘上回和背外侧前额叶等脑区参与了双语者的语言切换过程。文章还分析了在这一领域仍待研究的一些问题,并提出了进一步开展双语代码切换研究的建议。
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The Cognitive and Neural Mechanism of Code Switching in Bilinguals—from behavioral research to neuro-cognitive research
Abstract:The mechanism of code switching in bilinguals has been addressed by both psycholinguistic approach and neuro-cognitive approach. The results from behavioral studies suggested that there was extra switching-cost during processing of code switching in bilinguals. Further studies showed that switching cost come from the competition between language task schemas outside the bilinguals’ mental lexicon, and the nature of code switching is similar to the central executive processing in brain. Moreover, neuroimaging studies demonstrated that the left posterior inferior frontal cortex, the bilateral supermarginal gyri and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex were involved in code switching. In the end part several issues that should be considered in further research were discussed and some suggestions were made.
Keywords: bilinguals, code switching, neural mechanism, neuroimaging
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