草畜平衡和草原畜牧业可持续发展研究现状
首发时间:2006-06-06
摘要:我国是草原资源大国,各类天然草原占国土总面积超过40%,草原畜牧业是我国畜牧业不可或缺的组成部分。来自牧区和半农半牧区的牛羊肉占全国牛羊肉产量的近1/5,绵羊毛、羊绒分别占全国产量的50%左右。 目前草原的突出问题是草原畜牧业发展与草原生产能力不协调,草原生态环境日趋恶化,草原生态退化 (退化、沙化和盐碱化)面积迅速扩大,草原建设速度赶不上退化速度,草原生态恶化的趋势还没有得到控制,严重影响草原畜牧业的可持续发展和牧区经济社会的稳定和发展。如何采取有效措施,加强对草原的保护和建设,从草原管理和宏观政策层面,寻求建立促进草畜平衡的机制,从而从根本上扭转草原生态退化的局面,促进草原牧区畜牧业的可持续发展,具有十分重要的生态意义、经济意义和社会意义。 本文拟通过对草原资源和草原生产能力以及草畜平衡现状的分析,找出草原畜牧业与草原生态之间不平衡的程度,并探寻影响草畜平衡和草原畜牧业可持续发展的关键因素。
关键词: 草畜平衡 草原畜牧业
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Grass livestock balance and prairie animal husbandry sustainable development research presently
Abstract:Our country is the prairie resources great nation, each kind of natural prairie accounts for the national territory total area to surpass 40%, the prairie animal husbandry is our country animal husbandry indispensable constituent. Comes accounts for the national cow mutton output from the pastoral area and half agricultural half pastoral area cow mutton nearly 1/5, the wool, the wool separately account for the national output about 50%. At present the prairie prominent question is the prairie animal husbandry development and the prairie productivity is uncoordinated, the prairie ecological environment worsens day by day, the prairie ecology draws back conceals (degeneration,Desert and salinization) the area rapid expansion, the prairie construction speed cannot catch up with the degenerated speed, the tendency which the prairie ecology worsens has been under the control, seriously affects the prairie animal husbandry the sustainable development and the pastoral area economic society stability and advancement. How takes the effective action, strengthens to the prairie the protection and the construction, from the prairie management and the macroscopic policy stratification plane, seeks the establishment promotion grass livestock balance the mechanism, thus fundamentally reverses the aspect which the prairie ecology degenerates, the promotion prairie pastoral area animal husbandry sustainable development, has the extremely important ecology significance, the economical significance and the social significance. This article plans through to the prairie resources and the prairie productivity as well as the grass livestock balance present situation analysis, discovers between the prairie animal husbandry and the prairie ecology not the balanced degree, and inquires about the influence grass livestock balance and the prairie animal husbandry sustainable development key aspect.
Keywords: The grass livestock is balanced, prairie animal husbandry
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No.6942642441149562****
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