The Content Pollution in Peer-to-Peer Live Streaming Systems: Analysis and Implications

• 1、School of Computer Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology

Abstract：There has been significant progress in the development of Peer-to-Peer (P2P) based live video streaming systems in recent years due to its inherent scalability and easy deployment. Such P2P live streaming systems, however, are largely vulnerable to intermediate attacks, in which the content pollution is a common attack that can significantly reduce the video content availability and disrupt the video playback quality. In this paper, we carry out a formal analysis of the content pollution and discuss its implications in the P2P video streaming system. Specifically, we establish a probabilistic model to capture the progress of content pollution. We evaluate the effect of content pollution based on the proposed model through extensive simulations. We demonstrate that (1) the number of polluted peers can be exponentially increased, similar to random scanning worms. This is potentially vital that with 1% polluters, the overall system can be compromised within 60 seconds. Meanwhile, the bandwidth utilization is decreased by 11.8%; (2) Augmenting the number of polluters does not imply a faster progress of content pollution, in which the most influential factors are the peer degree and access bandwidth. We further discuss the various known techniques and show that a hash-based signature scheme can be effective against the content pollution, in particular when used in the initial phase.

keywords： Content Pollution, Unstructured P2P Network, Modeling

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