关于有机质成熟度指标的评述
首发时间:2008-04-15
摘要:当前常用的有机质成熟度指标包括3大类:(1)光学指标,包括镜质体反射率(Ro)、沥青反射率(Rb)、孢粉颜色和热变指数(TAI)、牙形石色变指数(CAI)和生物碎屑反射率;(2)化学指标,包括有机质最大热解峰温度(Tmax)、甲基菲指数(MPI)、H/C原子比值、碳同位素指标和生物标志物指标;(3)谱学指标,包括干酪根的自由基浓度、干酪根芳核平均结构尺寸和有机碳激光拉曼光谱。在比较分析各种指标优缺点的基础上,本文指出:由于谱学指标是有机质在热演化过程中结构变化的直接反映,所以干酪根芳核平均结构尺寸和有机碳激光拉曼光谱是指示有机质高成熟度的最有潜力的指标。
关键词: 有机质成熟度指标; 热演化程度; 镜质体反射率; 有机碳激光拉曼光谱
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An overview on the maturation indicators of organic matter
Abstract:There are three categories of mature indicators of organic matter in current petroleum industry to evaluate the degree of thermal evolution for source rocks, including: (1) optical indicators, i.e., vitrinite reflectance (Ro), bitumen reflectance (Rb), sporopollen color and thermal alteration index (TAI), conodonts color alteration index (CAI), and reflectance of fossil fragments, such as chitinozoan, graptolite, and scolecodont;(2) chemical indicators, i.e., the maximum temperature in pyrolysis of organic matter (Tmax), methyl phenanthrene indicator (MPI), the atomic ratio of H/C, carbon isotope indicator, and biomarker indicators;(3) indicators of spectroscopy, i.e., the free radical concentration of kerogen, the average structural scale of aromatic nucleus of kerogen, and the laser-Raman spectrum of organic carbon. After comparing the advantages and shortcomings of each indicator, it is pointed out that, the average structural scale of aromatic nucleus of kerogen, and the laser-Raman spectrum of organic carbon are the most effective indicators for evaluating the maturation degree of highly-evolved organic matters, because spectroscopy methods can detect the structural changes of organic carbon directly.
Keywords: Maturation indicator of organic matter degree of thermal evolution vitrinite reflectance laser-Raman spectrum of organic carbon
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