青藏高原多年冻土区不良地质现象及其对铁路选线的影响
首发时间:2008-09-17
摘要:青藏高原多年冻土区分布广泛,青藏铁路有550km通过其多年冻土区,由于地表水或地下水活动,加之有利的地形地貌条件,沿线发育厚层地下冰、冰锥、冻胀丘、热融滑坍、热融湖塘等多种不良地质现象,极易诱发路基冻胀融沉,路堑边坡融塌、流泥,桥梁、涵洞基础冻胀融沉、变形开裂,隧道冻胀开裂、洞内结冰等严重影响铁路工程建设的问题。线路通过这些现象发育的地区势必采取特殊工程措施、延长工期、增加投资,如何绕避或减弱不良地质现象成为青藏铁路建设的重要问题。本文研究了青藏铁路沿线分布各种不良地质现象的形成原因及其对青藏铁路的影响,以地质条件复杂,工程技术难度大,并且不良地质现象较集中的昆仑山隧道为例,总结了通过多年冻土区各种不良地质现象发育地区选线的原则。
关键词: 青藏高原 多年冻土 不良地质现象 昆仑山隧道 地质选线
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Harmful geological phenomena in permafrost regions of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and their pernicious influence on railway route selection
Abstract:Permafrost areas are widely distributed in Qinghai-Tibet plateau. There are 550 kilometers of Qinghai-Tibet railway across the permafrost. As surface water or groundwater activities, coupled with condition of topography, along the route distributes many harmful geological phenomena, including thick underground ice, icing, frost heaving mound, melting-slide, melting lake and pond. They can easily induce that roadbed frost-heaving and thaw-settlement, cutting slope thaw-collapsing and debris flow, foundation of bridge and culvert freezing-thawing, deformation and cracking, tunnel frost-heaving and icing inside. Acoss the area should take special measures, extend period and increase investment. How to avoid or weaken impact of harmful phenomena becomes a significant problem in Qinghai-Tibet railway construction. This article discusses formation mechanism of several harmful phenomena along Qinghai-Tibet railway and their impact. Besides, taking Kunlun tunnel that is complicated geological condation, sophisticated technique and concentrated harmful geological phenomema for example, concludes some laws of route selection across harmful geological areas on permafrost.
Keywords: Qinghai-Tibet railway permafrost harmful geological phenomena Kunlun Tunnel geological route selection
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No.2410731625012216****
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