野生与养殖三疣梭子蟹营养品质分析及其比较
首发时间:2008-09-26
摘要:目的 分析比较野生和养殖三疣梭子蟹(Portunus trituberculatus)的肌肉、肝胰腺及生殖腺的营养成分和营养价值,对其营养品质进行综合评价。方法 采用现时的国家标准方法测定粗蛋白、粗脂肪、氨基酸、脂肪酸。结果 粗蛋白以生殖腺中含量最高,为26.72%和30.14%,粗脂肪以肝胰腺中含量最高为14.64%和29.19%。;共检出38种脂肪酸,肝胰腺脂肪酸组成最丰富。二十碳五烯酸(EPA)与二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)两者之和的含量高达20.21%~36.91%;氨基酸总量(TAA)为23.76~73.18(g/100g干重),TAA、EAA及DAA含量皆呈现肌肉>生殖腺>肝胰腺;野生蟹的粗脂肪含量(P<0.05)、∑PUFA显著高于养殖蟹,野生蟹的肌肉和生殖腺中EAA及其与总氨基酸的比值(E/T)、与非必需氨基酸的比值(E/N)亦均高于养殖蟹。结论:野生和养殖三疣梭子蟹的营养品质优异,营养组成合理。且野生三疣梭子蟹肌肉更具风味,其品质优于养殖蟹。
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Analysis and Comparison of Nutritional Quality between wild and Cultured Portunus trituberculatus
Abstract:Objective: To comprehensive evaluate nutritional quality of Portunus trituberculatus, the nutritional composition and nutritive value in muscle, hepatopancreas and gonad were compared and analyzed. Method: Crude protein, crude lipid , amino acids and fatty acids were determinated by adopting national standard method. Results:Crude protein content in the gonad was the highest, 26.72 % for the (wild) and 30.14% (culture), crude fat content in the hepatopancreas was up to 14.64% (culture) and 29.19% (wild);.There were 38 kinds of fatty acids and the fatty acid composition in hepatopancreas was more rich than in muscle and gonad. The content of EPA+DHA reached up to 20.21%~36.91%.The total content of amino acids(TAA) was 23.76~73.18(g/100g dry weight), the contents of TAA, EAA and DAA were muscle>gonad>hepatopancreas. The containtes of crude lipid and ∑PUFA in wild Portunus trituberculatus were more than cultivated ones and so were the content of the essential amino acids (EAA), the rate essential amino acids/total amino acids(E/T) and essential amino acids /nonessential amino acids(E/N)in muscle and gonad. Conclusion:Both wild and cultivated Portunus trituberculatus belong to excellent nutrition composition and nutritional quality. The wild ones are better than cultivated ones in quality and flavor.
Keywords: Portunus trituberculatus nutritional quality fatty acids amino acids evaluation
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