GABA转运体与癫痫关系的研究进展
首发时间:2008-11-07
摘要:γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)是哺乳动物中枢神经系统主要的抑制性神经递质,广泛分布于整个神经系统中,目前临床上已经证明,许多中枢神经系统疾病如偏头痛,焦虑症,抑郁症和癫痫等都与GABA介导的抑制性突触传递作用的降低有关。它在胞内的合成途径主要是在谷氨酸脱羧酶的作用下将谷氨酸脱羧而获得,同时突触间隙中GABA的摄取以及胞内部分的释放主要是通过突触前膜,胶质细胞膜或囊泡膜中的GABA转运体(主要是GAT-1和GAT-3)来进行调节的。GABA转运体是一种Na+依赖的神经递质转运体和存在于膜上的重要的糖蛋白,有研究表明,它是突触间隙中使GABA浓度降低的唯一途径。本文就GABA转运体的结构,分类及与癫痫关系的最新进展作一综述。
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The research progress of the relationship between GABA transporter and the epileptogenisis
Abstract:GABA is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system,which is widely distributed in the whole nervous system.At present,a number of neurological disorders such as migraine, anxiety, depression and epilepsy have been clinically linked to hypoactivity in inhibitory neurotransmission elicited byγ-aminobutyric acid (GABA).And cellular GABA is synthesized principally with decarboxylation of glutamate by glutamate decarboxylase(GAD) ,meanwhile the uptake of GABA in the synaptic cleft and part of its release are regulated by GABA transporter(mainly GAT-1 and GAT-3)which is located in the presynaptic ,astrocytic and vescular membrane.GABA transporter is a kind of neurotransmitter transporter which is Na+ dependent and it is an important glycoprotein existed in the membrane.Some investigations have demonstrated that GABA transporter is an only way which can reduce the GABA level in the synaptic cleft.This article mainly reviewed latest research progress of the structure ,category of the GABA transporter and its relationship with epilepsy.
Keywords: GABA Transporter Epilepsy
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