华南湘西上寒武统的Phosphatocopida目(甲壳纲)的四个种
首发时间:2009-08-07
摘要:Phosphatocopida是已知的奥斯坦型化石之中种类和数量都最为丰富的类群,最初由德国古生物学家Klaus J. M黮ler于1964年发现于瑞典上寒武统结核状灰岩之中。Phosphatocopida是真甲壳动物的姐妹群,对于认识甲壳纲的形态学和系统演化史有着重要的意义。Phosphatocopida的空壳或是半空壳在许多地区都有报道,但是具有软躯体的标本却非常稀少,主要分布在瑞典和中国华南。从2002年起,我们从华南湘西王村剖面上寒武统比条组中陆续发现了上百枚保存精美的Phosphatocopida标本。本文系统描述了其中的4个种,Hesslandona angustata、H. necopina、Vestrogothia anterispinata和V. bispinata。H. angustata以前只在瑞典有报道,而V. anterispinata和V. bispinata只在华南有报道,它们的发现丰富了华南Phosphatocopida的多样性。Phosphatocopida和真甲壳动物Skaracarida在华南的发现表明:湘西的寒武纪地层是极其重要的奥斯坦型化石库。
关键词: Hesslandona Vestrogothia Phosphatocopida Skaracarida 甲壳纲 奥斯坦型 上寒武统 湘西 华南
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Four species of Phosphatocopida (Crustacea) from the Upper Cambrian in western Hunan, South China
Abstract: Among the various Orsten-type fossils recovered so far, Phosphatocopida constitutes the most abundant group, and was first discovered by Klaus J. M黮ler, a German palaeontologist, through etching the Upper Cambrian nodular limestone from southern Sweden in 1964. Phosphatocopida has been resolved as the sister taxon of Eucrustacea, thus has important significance for the understanding of the morphology and phylogeny of Crustacea. The hollow shields or isolated shield valves of phosphatocopids were reported from many regions, but phosphatocopids with soft-body details are rarely discovered, mostly from Sweden and South China. Since 2002, hundreds of well-preserved phosphatocopids are recovered from the Upper Cambrian Bitiao Formation of Wangcun section in western Hunan, South China, and herein four species of them, Hesslandona angustata, H. necopina, Vestrogothia anterispinata and V. bispinata, are described and illustrated systematically. H. angustata is hitherto known only from Sweden; V. anterispinata and V. bispinata are reported only from South China. Their discovery has greatly enlarged the diversity of the phosphatocopid species in South China. The discovery of Phosphatocopida together with the co-occurring Skaracarid eucrustacean indicates that the Cambrian stratum in western Hunan is an extremely important Orsten-type lagerst鋞ten.
Keywords: Hesslandona Vestrogothia Phosphatocopida Skaracarida Crustacea Orsten-type Upper Cambrian western Hunan South China
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华南湘西上寒武统的Phosphatocopida目(甲壳纲)的四个种
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