蚊子腿表面多级微纳结构的超疏水特性
首发时间:2009-12-28
摘要:蚊子是一种能够在水面自由起落、行走、产卵而从不溺水的两栖昆虫,本文报道了蚊子腿表面的超疏水机理。单根蚊子后腿在水面上的静态承载力可达585μN,是整个蚊子体重的二十几倍,而利用柔软细钢丝做成的外观形状、结构和尺寸与蚊子腿几乎一致的“钢丝腿”,其水面承载力仅为85μN。扫描电镜观察发现蚊子腿表面被大量的有序排列的瓦片状的尺寸在十微米级的空心鳞片覆盖,鳞片表面整齐排列了亚微米级的纵肋和纳米级的横筋结构。蚊子部表面具有很强的疏水性,静态接触角约为153°。理论分析表明,蚊子腿表面上的微纳多级结构是其具有超疏水性和高可靠性表面承载力的根本原因。该发现将有助于设计出新型超疏水材料。
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Superior water repellency of mosquito legs with hierarchical micronano structures
Abstract:Mosquitoes are a type of insects with the remarkable ability to walk and oviposit freely, take-off and land effortlessly on the water without piercing the water surface. This article reports the water repellency mechanism of mosquito legs. The maximal supporting force of a single hind leg against water surprisingly reaches up to 585μN, over twenty times the total body weight of this insect. While for the artificial leg made with the wire which is having the same diameter, shape and structure to the mosquito leg, the supporting force is only 85μN, far less than the value of mosquito leg. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) observations reveal the uniquely hierarchical structure on the legs, consisting of numerous oriented micro-scales with uniform longitudinal ridges and nanoscale cross ribs. The surface of the mosquito leg has superior water repellency, with a water contact angle of 153°. We theoretically demonstrate that the cooperation of nanogroove structures on the oriented microsetae, in conjunction with the material of the leg, renders such water repellency. This finding might be helpful in the design of innovative miniature nonwetting materials.
Keywords: mosquito leg scale superior water repellency hierarchical structure
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