时间维度上的自我评价
首发时间:2010-01-11
摘要:自我评价既包括对现在自我的评价,也包括对过去自我和将来自我的评价。为了维护和提升现在的自尊,人们积极评价主观近的过去自我,消极评价远的过去自我,特别是在重要的特征上;并将积极的过去自我知觉为近的,消极的知觉为远的。主观近的过去自我直接影响现在的自我评价,远的对现在的自我评价的影响很小或有一种对比效应。对将来自我的评价,也是为了提升现在的自尊,将来自我的积极事件和消极事件的主观时间距离知觉也存在着不对称性。该领域的研究可向密切关系、特殊群体的时间自我评价模式拓展,验证时间自我评价理论跨文化的普适性,并深入探讨其动力机制。
关键词: 时间自我评价 过去自我 现在自我 将来自我 主观时间距离
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Temporal Self-Appraisals
Abstract:Self-appraisals include not only assessment of current self, but also retrospective assessment of past self and prospective assessment of future self. People are motivated to maintain or enhance present self-regard. They can do so by: evaluating a subjectively recent self favorably, a subjectively distant past self unfavorably, especially on important attributes. Regarding a favorable past self/outcome as recent, an unfavorable past self/outcome as distant. The effect of the past on evaluations of current self depends on subjective distance, subjectively recent past directly affects current appraisals, subjectively distant past has little or contrasting influence. Additionally, the perception of improvement between the past and the present extends into the future, the asymmetry in the subjective distance of negative and positive events has a parallel pattern for future events. Finally, it pointed out four prospects for the future research, such as close relationships, special groups, cultural differences in subjective distance of past event, the underlying mechanism of the asymmetry in the subjective temporal distance.
Keywords: temporal self-appraisal past self present self future self subjective temporal distance
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No.3871410194312631****
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