优先流:土壤水分运动的本质形式
首发时间:2010-03-04
摘要:优先流作为一种非平衡的具有时间和空间尺度异质性的常见的土壤水分运动形式,已越来越受到土壤学家和水文学家的重视。本文了近些年优先流的研究成果,从机制,方法技术,现存问题和展望四个方面做了归纳和总结。在机制方面,从内因和外因两个角度系统的探讨了大孔隙,土壤质地和结构,驱水性,降水等因子对优先流发生和发展的影响;在方法和技术上,讨论了染色法,CT,电阻率层析成像等方法的应用和前景;本文还讨论当今影响优先流研究的三个重要问题,认为优先流本身的非平衡性,时空异质性和表现形式的复杂多样性是问题背后的主要原因。最后对优先流今后的发展做了展望,只有不断加强机理和模型研究,同时增强优先流和其它学科之间的融合,才能推动优先流的研究向前进。
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Preferential flow: an essence form of soil water movement
Abstract:Preferential flow is a common soil water movement type which is unbalanced and has heterogeneous character of temporal and spatial scales. More and more pedologist and hydrologist pay attention to this study field. This paper summarized study progress from mechanism, experimental techniques, exist question and prospect and discussed three important questions which affect the study of preferential flow. The results showed that the unbalanced character of preferential flow, the complex diversity of expression form and soil temporal and spatial heterogeneity are the main reason of the existence of preferential flow. In addition, the paper made prospect about the development of preferential flow.
Keywords: preferential flow mechanism macropore experimental techniques
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No.4040451779912676****
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