氢能或电能驱动人工光合作用固定CO2合成糖
首发时间:2010-09-10
摘要:植物光合作用是通过叶绿素吸收太阳能再生NADH和ATP,驱动暗反应Calvin-Benson循环,合成糖。人工模拟光合作用,实现规模化合成糖的关键之一是低成本再生ATP与提高暗反应效率。本文提出9种人工光合作用暗反应途径,均只需要使用氢气或电再生NADH驱动,不需要再生ATP来驱动,而且提高了暗反应效率,与太阳能光伏或太阳能产氢技术结合,可以将粮食生产工业化,光合作用总效率可达30%,比植物光合作用效率高一个数量级以上。其中利用氢气和二氧化碳化学合成甲醛驱动人工光合作用合成葡萄糖,仅需要9种酶,不需要不稳定的NADH和ATP参与,从而较容易实现规模化生产。该方法与胞外酶催化糖产氢方法一起,将使糖成为良好的储能载体。
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Synthesis of Sugar and fixation of CO2 through Artificial Photosynthesis driving by Hydrogen or Electricity
Abstract:The overall process of photosynthesis consists of two main phases, the so-called light and dark eactions: light energy is absorbed by chlorophyll molecules and transferred to regenerate NADH and ATP, then drive Calvin-Benson cycle to synthesize sugar. In order to synthesize sugar through artificial photosynthesis, one of the key is to regenerate ATP economically and improve the efficiency of dark reactions. Here 9 kinds of dark reaction pathways are proposed, which only NADH is regenearated from hydrogen or electricity for driving, the efficiency of dark reactions is improved, combined with solar photovoltaic or solar hydrogen technology, the total efficiency of artificial photosynthesis can reach 30%, several ten times more than natural photosynthesis. One of them, to use chemical synthesis of formaldehyde from CO2 and H2, no NADH and ATP is need, to synthesize sugar efficiently through 9 enzymes, so it will be easier to produce in large scale, and the sugar will be a good energy carrier as the sugar can be efficiently converted to energy carrier hydrogen through enzymes.
Keywords: artificial photosynthesis dark reaction CO2 fixation synthesis of sugar
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