基于TGIS的城市内部要素空间数据库设计和构建
首发时间:2010-09-02
摘要:近年来,各国对城市的信息化建设空前支持,投入巨大。城市地理研究也随着"数字城市"的建设发生了巨大变革,尤其是对于城市内部要素的演化研究,计算机技术、GIS、空间信息科学等技术应用使得该类研究更加高效、更加智能、更加精确;同时提供了沿时间轴纵向挖掘的基础。城市这一复杂系统始终处于不断地运动和变化中,其内部要素具有一定的形态特征,因而数据具有信息量大、变更性强及空间性显著等特点。鉴于此,历史数据的保存对于研究极为关键,面向数字城市的空间数据库建立则是十分基础的工作,并且其模式和架构的设计,决定了后期数据利用和共享的效率。然而,传统空间数据库的针对性较弱,虽然功能完备,但对于存储对象历史特征和空间形态的体现不够充分,无法较好满足城市地理研究的需求。本研究针对信息化建设下城市地理研究需求,基于时空GIS数据模型,结合面向对象思想,对城市内部要素空间数据库进行设计,最终借助ArcSDE和Oracle进行建库和功能实现。结果表明,该数据库能较好地满足城市地理研究的需求,通过拓展,可为相关部门提供决策支持;系统更加面向管理、可扩展性好、查询效率高、便于更新、维护和共享。
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Design and Construction of Spatial Database for Internal Elements of Urban Based on TGIS
Abstract:In recent years, during the construction of "digital urban", urban geography research has also undergone tremendous changes, especially in the research of urban internal elements revolution. Meanwhile, computer technology, GIS, spatial information science and such technical applications have made this kind of research more effective, intelligent and precise; they also have provided the foundation for information mining with consideration of time factor. Urban internal elements have certain geometric features which involve massive spatial information and updating information. In view of this, construction of spatial database is basic work for digital urban construction. However, traditional spatial database targets less about historical characteristics, and spatio-temporal database costs too much time and vigor for construction. In order to solve these problems, this study, based on spatial-temporal GIS models, concentrated on the needs of urban geographic research under environment of digital urban, utilized object-oriented method to design spatial database and finally established the database and realized functions based on ArcSDE and Oracle. Results showed that this database can well satisfy the demands of urban geographic research, and it could be applied in many fields through function extension. Altogether, the system is more management-oriented, scalable and efficient; it is more convenient for data updating and information sharing.
Keywords: urban geographic research spatial database TGIS spatio-temporal data model
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