砂砾岩水力压裂裂缝扩展规律的数值模拟研究

李连崇; 孟庆民

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砂砾岩水力压裂裂缝扩展规律的数值模拟研究

首发时间：2011-09-22

李连崇 ¹
李连崇（1978-），男，副教授，岩土工程灾害控制
孟庆民 ²

1、大连理工大学土木工程学院
2、中国石化胜利油田分公司采油工艺研究院，山东东营 257000

摘要：砂砾岩储油层一般具有岩性、渗透性变化大，孔隙度低，连通性差，孔隙结构复杂和非均匀性严重等特点，因此，在水力压裂过程中，裂缝扩展形态难以控制，大规模改造难度大。针对国内某典型砂砾岩油藏特征，采用数值计算方法对砂砾岩压裂裂缝的扩展机理进行了研究，包括地应力场、砾石含量、砾石粒径和砾石力学性质等对裂缝扩展形态及压裂压力的影响。研究表明：主应力差严格控制着裂纹的走向，随着主应力差的增大，裂纹由总体绕砾扩展转变为总体穿砾扩展，同时带来对称主裂纹扩展长度的差异，以及起裂压力与失稳压力的减小；砾石含量的多少体现了试样宏观的非均匀性，含量越高均匀性越差，砾石含量对起裂压力的影响不大；但随着砾石含量的增加失稳压力有所增大，且起裂压力与失稳压力的差值也随之增大。砾石粒径过大或者过小，主裂纹均以绕砾扩展为主；砾石粒径对起裂压力的影响主要取决于砾石排列的随机性，因此对起裂压力影响不大；而失稳压力呈现出随着砾石粒径先增大后减小的趋势。砾石强度较高时，主裂纹均为绕砾扩展；反之，都是穿砾而行。

关键词：砂砾岩水力压裂数值模拟扩展过程裂缝

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NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION ON THE PROPAGATION OF HYDRAULIC FRACTURES IN GLUTENITE FORMATION

LI Lianchong ¹
李连崇（1978-），男，副教授，岩土工程灾害控制
MENG Qingmin ²

1、Dalian University of Technology, School of Civil Engineering
2、Oil Production Technology Research Institute, Shengli Oilfield Branch Company, Dongying 257000

Abstract：Great variability of lithology and permeability, low porosity, poor connectivity, complex porosity and serious heterogeneity are the common characteristics of glutenite reservoir. Therefore it is difficult to control the hydraulic fracturing and improve production. Based on the characteristics of one representatively domestic glutenite reservoir, the propagating mechanism of hydraulic fractures is investigated by using numerical method. Numerical results show that the propagating direction of primary fractures is strictly depends on the maximum and minimum stress ratio. With the increase of tress ratio, fractures are selected to cut through gravels rather than propagate round gravels. Consequently the propagation of primary fractures appears discrepancy, and both the initiation and breakdown pressure decreases. The higher the content of gravels, the severer the heterogeneity. Although the content of gravels has no distinct effect on the initiation pressure, the increase of the content will enhance the breakdown pressure and the difference between initiation and breakdown pressure becomes more remarkable. The immoderate size of gravels may induce fractures to propagate round gravels. The gravel size has no distinct effect on the initiation pressure because the fracture initiation is mainly influenced by the stochastic distributing of gravels. With the increase of gravel size, the breakdown pressure increases firstly and decreases eventually. As the strength of graves is relatively high, the primary fractures are selected to propagate round gravels, whereas the fractures are selected to cut through gravels. Whether the strength of gravels is high or low, the zone around the interface between gravels and sandstone matrix is unstable and more easily to create micro cracks.

Keywords： glutenite hydraulic fracturing numerical simulation propagation process fracture

基金：

1. 高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金资助课题（20090041120024）

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李连崇，孟庆民. 砂砾岩水力压裂裂缝扩展规律的数值模拟研究[EB/OL]. 北京：中国科技论文在线 [2011-09-22]. https://www.paper.edu.cn/releasepaper/content/201109-303.

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论文编号	201109-303
论文题目	砂砾岩水力压裂裂缝扩展规律的数值模拟研究
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