燃煤电厂典型固体废物中砷形态分析及其生物有效性研究
首发时间:2011-12-20
摘要:采用顺序提取的方法将燃煤电厂粉煤灰、脱硫石膏、炉渣中的砷分为了非特异性吸附态(F1)、特异性吸附态(F2)、无定形铁铝氧化物结合态(F3)、结晶铁铝氧化物结合态(F4)和残渣态(F5)5种不同形态。不同形态的砷具有不同的环境迁移能力和生物有效性。研究结果表明,不同介质中总砷含量大小为:粉煤灰〉脱硫石膏〉炉渣;砷生物有效性强弱顺序为:粉煤灰〉炉渣〉脱硫石膏。不同形态砷在各介质中所占比例大小为:粉煤灰F1>F3>F2>>F5≈F4,脱硫石膏F5>F3>F2>F4>>F1,炉渣F5>F1≈F2≈F3>>F4。与脱硫石膏和炉渣相比,粉煤灰中的砷具有较高的环境迁移能力和生物有效性,F1和F2中的砷占总砷含量的61-71%。粉煤灰对燃煤释放的砷进行了富集,是发电燃煤砷排放和赋存的主要介质。
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Arsenic Speciation and Bioavailability in Typical Solid Waste from Coal-fired Power Plant
Abstract:Arsenic in fly ash, desulfurization gypsum, slag was divided into five fractions by sequential extraction procedure. The five fractions were named as specifically sorbed fraction (F1), non-specifically sorbed fraction (F2), bound to amorphous Fe and Al oxides fraction (F3), bound to crystalline Fe and Al oxides fraction (F4) and residual fraction (F5). Arsenic in various fractions has different mobility and bioavailability. The results from our study demonstrated that the order of total arsenic in the studied samples was: fly ash> desulfurization gypsum>slag. Based on the sequential extraction, the bioavailability of arsenic was in the order: fly ash>slag> desulfurization gypsum. The proportion of different fraction in different samples was in the order: fly ash, F1>F3>F2>>F5≈F4, desulfurization gypsum, F5>F3>F2>F4>>F1, slag, F5>F1≈F2≈F3>>F4. Compared with desulfurization gypsum and slag, arsenic in fly ash had higher bioavailability. Arsenic in F1 and F2 accounted for 61-71% of the total arsenic. Arsenic released from coal was accumulated in fly ash, and fly ash was the main pathway of arsenic emission from coal-fired power plant.
Keywords: fly ash desulfurization gypsum slag arsenic speciation bioavailability
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