细菌的程序死亡
首发时间:2012-02-07
摘要:真核细胞中,程序性死亡(programmed cell death,PCD)广泛存在,其分子机制及作用是生物领域的研究热点。近年来的研究发现,细菌中也存在着细胞程序性死亡现象,在不良环境中,可由"毒素-抗毒素系统"基因(Toxin-antitoxin system,TA系统)介导胁迫诱导发生,导致细菌的生长抑制和死亡。另外,细菌群体通过各亚群间的协同作用,诱发细胞程序性死亡,并通过细胞间遗传物质的交换,在群体水平上产生遗传差异,使细菌群体生存下去。虽然目前细菌程序性死亡的调节机制还存在一定争议,但其生物学意义和生物进化过程中发挥的作用不可否认。
关键词: 细菌的程序性死亡 TA系统 mazEF系统 relBE系统 群落分化 HAP
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Programmed Cell Death of Bacteria
Abstract:The phenomenon of programmed cell death(PCD) is ubiquitous in eukaryotes,which molecular mechanism is one of the hottest research points in biology.In recent years,some researchers have showed that there also exists the phenomenon of PCD in prokaryotic bacteria similar to eukaryotes.When bacteria face some environmental stresses in their living conditions,most bacterial PCD pathways depend on the particular toxin/antitoxin system (TAsystem),which can lead to growth inhibition and cell death.In addition,the bacterial PCD is one of the means of survival to maintain the species.At present,there are still many doubts and controversies in the regulation mechanisms of bacterial PCD,but the key role of bacterial PCD in biological evolution is undeniable.
Keywords: programmed cell death TA system mazEF system relEB system bacterial community differentiation HAP
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