The adenylate cyclase gene MaAC is required for virulence and multi-stress tolerance of Metarhizium acridum
首发时间:2012-03-30
Abstract:Background: The efficacy of entomopathogenic fungi in pest control is mainly affected by various adverse environmental factors, such as heat shock and UV-B radiation, and by responses of the host insect, such as oxidative stress, osmotic stress and fever. In this study, an adenylate cyclase gene (MaAC) was cloned from the locust-specific entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium acridum, which is homologous to various fungal adenylate cyclase genes. RNA silencing was adapted to analyze the role of MaAC in virulence and tolerance to adverse factors from environment and host insect. Results: Compared with the wild type, the vegetative growth of the RNAi mutant was decreased in PD (potato dextrose medium), Czapek-dox and PDA plates, respectively, the cAMP levels was also reduced in PD liquid culture. Knockdown of MaAC by RNAi led to a great reduction in fungal growth in the hemolymph of locusts after injection and topical inoculation, thus demonstrating that MaAC encodes an adenylate cyclase and is required for virulence of M. acridum. Virulence assay indicated that the effect of MaAC on the virulence was mainly inside the host locust. A plate assay indicated that the tolerances of the MaAC RNAi mutant under oxidative stress, osmotic stress, heat shock and UV-B radiation was decreased compared with the wild type. Conclusion: MaAC affects virulence, primarily by fungal growth inside the insect, and is required for tolerance to oxidative stress, osmotic stress, heat shock and UV-B radiation. MaAC affects the fungal virulence via vegetative growth and tolerance against oxidative stress, osmotic stress and locust fever.
keywords: Biocontrol agents entomopathogenic fungi conidia virulence environmental stress
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腺苷酸环化酶基因影响绿僵菌毒力和多种逆境耐受力
摘要:背景:昆虫病原真菌对害虫防治的效力主要会被很多外界环境所影响,比如热击和紫外辐射;也会受到昆虫宿主的应激反应影响,如氧化应激性、渗透压改变、发热反应等。在本研究中,在昆虫病原真菌绿僵菌中克隆到腺苷酸环化酶基因(MaAC),与很多真菌中的腺苷酸环化酶基因同源。运用RNA干扰技术分析MaAC对毒力和外界环境及昆虫宿主等因素的耐受性的作用。结果:干扰菌株在PDA、察式和PDA液体培养基上的生长与野生菌株相比都迟缓;cAMP水平也显著降低;体壁和体内侵染蝗虫后,干扰菌株在蝗虫体内的生长较野生菌株显著减慢,证明该基因是绿僵菌毒力所必须的,并且MaAC对致病性的影响是在K昆虫体内发生的;干扰菌株对氧化、渗透压、热击和紫外耐受性都下降。结论:MaAC对绿僵菌毒力所起的作用可能是由影响了昆虫体内的生长和对氧化、渗透压和昆虫发热等逆境的耐受性造成的。
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