三峡地区植物物种多样性的垂直分布格局及其影响因素
首发时间:2012-11-08
摘要:本文研究了面积、气候等影响因素对长江三峡地区维管植物物种多样性垂直格局的独立影响和协同作用。分析结果表明,该区物种丰富度随着海拔上升均呈先升后降的单峰格局。水分能量动态假说对多样性格局有很强的解释能力,其总的解释力(> 98.2%)明显高于其他所有解释机制。几何限制对分布宽度大的物种的多样性格局解释力很强,但对分布宽度小的物种作用很小。面积自身对物种丰富度解释力较强,但在考虑了其它环境因素的影响时,仅对少数植物类群起作用。地形异质性自身对多样性解释力很弱,但在多元回归模型中起着必要的作用。综合来看,水分能量动态是解释三峡地区植物多样性垂直格局的最重要的机制。几何限制和种-面积关系则主要对特定的植物类群起着重要的作用,地形异质性虽然对多样性垂直格局的影响较弱,但也是一种必要的补充解释机制。
关键词: 物种丰富度 气候 几何限制(中域效应) 面积 海拔梯度格局 长江三峡
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Elevational pattern of plant species richness in the Three Gorges region of Yangtze River and its effect factors
Abstract:In this analysis, we examine the relative effects of area, climate, geometric constraints and topographical heterogeneity on altitudinal richness patterns of vascular plant species in the Three Gorges region. Our results showed that, water-energy dynamics revealed the strongest total effects (>98.2%) in explaining richness patterns for various species groups, which were remarkably higher than other hypotheses. However, for most species groups the effects of water-energy dynamics were largely shared with geometric constraints or area, with only medium or weak independent effects. Geometric constraints had strong effects on large-ranged species but neglectable effects on small- ranged species. Area showed relative strong correlations with species richness, but were excluded from the multivariate models for most species groups, when other potential mechanisms were considered simultaneously. On the contrary, topographic heterogeneity showed weak correlations with richness patterns but were included in most of the final multivariate models. We concluded that the water-energy dynamics provided the most important mechanism in explaining altitudinal richness patterns of the study region, while geometric constraints and area were only important for some specific species groups. Meanwhile, topographic heterogeneity showed weak but necessary roles in shaping altitudinal richness gradients.
Keywords: species richness climate geometric constraints (mid-domain effect) area elevation gradient pattern the Three Gorges region
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