月壤开挖技术研究现状综述
首发时间:2013-05-14
摘要:开展月球探测、开发月球资源、建立月球基地,不可避免的进行月壤开挖和运输工作。然而,我国这方面的研究基本上处于空白。首先,综述了月壤开挖的背景、目的和意义,进而介绍了月球环境及月壤物理力学性质给开挖工作带来的各项挑战。其次,重点介绍了国外关于常规设备、炸药、压缩气体三种挖掘方法的最新研究进展。认为常规设备目前还不能克服月壤强吸附性和摩擦性的难题,而在月球早期开发阶段使用炸药也不切实际,气动开挖技术因能较好的适应月球环境,故可能得到优先利用。最后,提出进一步通过物理试验和数值仿真分析研究月壤在高真空环境中气动条件下的运移特性。
关键词: 月球基地 资源利用 月壤开挖 月球环境 气动法 运移特性
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Review on Luanr Regolith Excavation Technologies
Abstract:Exploring the moon, utilizing lunar resources and building lunar bases will inevitably result in lunar regolith excavation and earthmoving. However, research in this field in China has not started yet. This paper briefly presents the backgrounds, purposes and significance of lunar excavation; the major challenges the lunar environment and lunar regolith posed on excavation are introduced. Then, the recent research development abroad on excavation technologies such as conventional machinery, explosive and compressed air are discussed in detail. The authors think that the conventional machinery can't overcome the high adhesion and abrasion of the regolith and the use of explosive in early lunar exploring is impractical. The pneumatic technology may be first used for its readily adaption to the lunar environment. Finally the authors suggest to study the moving properties of the regolith under pneumatic conditions through physical experiments and numerical simulation in the future.
Keywords: lunar base resource utilization lunar regolith excavation lunar environment pneumatics moving properties
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