阿拉善盟降水分布和时空变化规律研究
首发时间:2013-11-29
摘要:阿拉善盟地处西北,极其干旱,属于荒漠生态系统,降水分布和时空变化规律的研究对生态系统研究和荒漠化防治工作有着重大意义。本文使用气象资料验证了TRMM数据在阿拉善盟的适用性,并得到以下研究结果:阿拉善盟由西向东,从额济纳旗到阿拉善右旗,再到阿拉善左旗降水量逐渐增大,降水空间分布呈过渡条带特征;阿拉善盟以及各旗的夏季降水量占全年降水量一半以上;2000年至2012年期间年降水量变化斜率在-0.8~26.3 mm/a之间,区域平均值为3.5 mm/a,说明在区域整体水平上近些年阿拉善盟的降水增加,降水增加区域的降水变化是显著的,降水减少区域的降水变化是不够显著的;阿拉善盟夏季降水变化斜率的最大值为6.4 mm/a,最小值为-2.0 mm/a,区域平均值为1.5 mm/a,能通过显著检验的区域较少,主要分布在阿拉善盟中部的夏季降水增加区域。
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Study on the Spatial Distribution and Change Trends of Precipitation in Alxa League
Abstract:Alxa League is located in the hinterland of the Asian continent, as the interior plateau with the typical continental climate characterized by dry, less rain, large evapotranspiration. The research on the spatial distribution and change trends of precipitation is very important to desertification control. By comparing the monthly precipitation data from weather station, we found that TRMM 3B43 could analyze the spatial distribution and change trends of precipitation in Alxa League. The spatial distribution of mean annual precipitation differed greatly ranging from 58.2 to 272.3 mm in study area with the mean precipitation 108.1 mm. The precipitation increased from the west to the right (i.e., from Ejina Banner to Alxa Right Banner, and then Alxa Left Banner). The spatial distribution of the mean summer precipitation was same as the mean annual precipitation, and the summer precipitation accouts for more than half (55.9%) of annual precipitation. The change rate of annual precipitation was between -0.8 mm/a-6.3 mm/a using Sen's estimator analysis over the period (2000-2012), and the mean change rate was 3.5 mm/a which reflected the increase trend of annual precipitation. The area with increased trend of precipitation was more than that with the decreased trend of precipitation. The change rate of annual precipitation in Alxa Right Banner was the largest, followed by Alxa Left Banner, and then Ejina Banner. The change rate of summer precipitation was from -2.0 mm/a to 6.4 mm/a, with the mean 1.5 mm/a. The change rate in Alxa Right Banner was the largest, followed by Ejina Banner, and then Alxa Left Banner.
Keywords: Alxa League TRMM change trends of precipitation the spatial distribution of precipitation
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