小麦-黑麦杂种后代细胞遗传学鉴定
首发时间:2015-01-30
摘要:近缘属物种种质资源的利用是拓宽小麦遗传基础的重要手段。通过利用普通六倍体小麦(Triticum aestivum L.,2n=42, AABBDD)与秦岭黑麦(Secale cereale L. cv.Qinling,2n=14, RR)进行杂交,成功获得了小麦-黑麦杂种F1,部分能正常自交结实。本研究对小麦-黑麦杂种自交后代F4单株、F5株系进行基因组原位杂交、染色体配对行为和田间农学性状统计分析。结果表明,已鉴定F4单株黑麦染色体为0-4条,体细胞染色体总数变异范围在42-46之间。根据田间观察,选择了10个综合农学性状较优的F4单株,GISH鉴定发现8个不含有大片段黑麦染色体,一个为2R/?染色体代换,一个为2RS-?染色体易位。次年,对其衍生株系田间调查发现,株系间存在丰富的遗传多样性,较其普通小麦亲本农学性状优良,差异明显。因此,小麦-黑麦杂种衍生高代材料准确鉴定与筛选是黑麦种质向小麦中成功转移的关键。
关键词: 小麦; 黑麦; 远缘杂交; 细胞遗传学
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Cytogenetic Identification of Derivatives from Wheat-Rye Hybrids
Abstract:Wild relatives are valuable genetic resources to broaden the genetic base of wheat. Hybridized with common hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L., 2n = 42, AABBDD) and Qinling rye (Secale cereale L. cv.Qinling, 2n = 14, RR) ,successfully obtained F1 hybrids, Part of them are fertile. In this study, by using GISH and meiotic analysis of wheat-rye hybrids offspring selfing plant F4, F5 lines,statistical analysis of F5 agronomic traits. The results showed that F4 plant's total chromosome number of somatic cell approximately between 42-46,contain 0-4 pieces of rye chromosomes. According to excellent agronomic traits,we selected ten F4 plants. It was indicated that the eight lines had no rye genetic material by GISH analysis. Two lines had rye genetic materials, one is 2R/? monosomic substitution line and another is 2RS-? translocation line by FISH analysis. The second year, Statistical analysis of the ten neat lines revealed that their agronomic traits excellent than their common wheat parent, there are significant variations.Therefore, Wheat-rye hybrids identification and screening is the key to transfer rye germplasm to wheat.
Keywords: wheat rye Derivative lines Cytogenetic Identification.
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No.4630631103349214****
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