动车组高级修偶换件库存策略优化研究
首发时间:2015-06-16
摘要:动车组高级修偶换件价值高、需求不稳定、历史数据缺乏,如何制定这些配件的库存控制策略是亟待解决的科学问题。本文运用存贮论和PERT技术分析了偶换件的库存成本、缺货成本及其他成本,提出了不同条件下的偶换件库存策略。以某主机厂和某动车段为案例背景,假设配件需求服从正态分布,考虑动车组修程修制,在保证库存服务水平的基础上利用数理统计原理对制动盘需求进行了测算。在此基础上,计算了制动盘提前备货策略下和临时订货策略下的总成本。结果表明,紧急订货方式下的成本小于正常订货方式下的缺货成本而远大于提前备货下的总成本,实践中应采用提前备货的库存控制策略。
关键词: 动车组维修 偶换件 经济订货批量 计划评审技术 缺货成本
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Optimal inventory policies of occasional-replacement spare parts for EMU overhaul
Abstract:It is a scientific problem to develop inventory policies for occasional-replacement spare parts of EMU overhaul since the spare parts are of unstable demand and lack of historical data. This paper analyzes the inventory cost, shortage cost and other cost using inventory theory and PERT and proposes inventory policies under different conditions for occasional-replacement spare parts. Taking a factory and a EMU depot as the case, we assume the demand of spare parts obeyed normal distribution and then predict their demand in the case that service level is up to a certain value considering maintenance system of EMU. Besides, we calculate the total cost under two different inventory strategies. The results show that the cost of emergency ordering is less than normal order strategy but far higher than advance stock strategy. In practice, the advance stock strategy should be adopted.
Keywords: EMU overhaul occasional-replacement spare parts economic order quantity PERT shortage cost
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