灌溉和地膜覆盖对玉米生长及土壤水温的影响
首发时间:2015-11-10
摘要:灌溉显著影响作物生长,而地膜覆盖可以减少土壤水分的无效蒸发,保持土壤中的水分含量,从而影响玉米生长及产量。但是,关于不同灌溉量下地膜覆盖对玉米生长的影响,还缺乏相关研究。关于本试验以郑单958为供试作物,采用控制灌溉调控玉米生育期内土壤水分,研究不同灌溉量下地膜覆盖种植对玉米生长、产量以及土壤水分、温度的影响。结果表明,随着灌溉量的提高,土壤含水量显著提高,而地膜覆盖显著提高了0-1m土层土壤含水量,同时,地膜覆盖显著提高了0-15cm土层土壤温度,但是其对20cm土层土壤温度无显著影响。在玉米生长关键生育时期,低灌水量处理的株高、叶面积指数、叶片叶绿素相对含量显著低于中、高灌水量处理,相同灌溉量下,地膜覆盖处理显著提高了玉米株高、叶面积指数、叶片叶绿素相对含量,并最终显著提高了玉米产量。。
关键词: 作物栽培学与耕作学 灌溉 地膜覆盖 玉米 土壤水分 土壤温度
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Effects of irrigation and plastic film mulching on growth of maize and soil moisture and temperature
Abstract:Soil moisture notably affected the crop growth. Beside this, plastic film mulching (PM) significantly inhibited the useless evaporation of soil water and notably promoted the soil moisture and by this to affected the crop growth. However, the effect of PM on growth of maize under different irrigation was no clear. In the present study, Zhengdan 958 was selected and the accurate irrigation was used to regulate the soil moisture. The objective of this study was to study the effect of PM on growth of maize and soil moisture and temperature under different irrigation. The results indicated that the irrigation significantly increased the soil moisture and the PM significantly increased the soil moisture of 0-1m soil layer and the soil temperature of 0-15 cm soil layer. However, the PM had no significantly effect on the soil temperature of 20cm soil layer. Besides these, the irrigation and PM all significantly increased the plant height, leave area index and relative chlorophyll content in leaves and by this to promoted the maize growth and significantly increased the maize grain yield.an)
Keywords: Crop cultivation and farming system Irrigation Plastic film mulching Maize Soil moisture Soil temperature
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