帕金森病磁共振成像研究新进展
首发时间:2015-12-08
摘要:帕金森病(Parkinson's disease,PD) 居常见的神经退行性疾病的第二位,运动障碍性疾病之一,随着我国人口老龄化日益加重,帕金森病患病率逐年升高。由于帕金森病的致残率高,病程长,严重影响了中老年人的生活质量。因此我们需要一种诊断技术能够早期准确诊断帕金森病。PD的常用成像手段主要包括正电子发射断层扫描(positron emission tomography,PET)和单光子发射断层扫描(single photon emission computed tomography,SPECT),但传统磁共振成像(magnetic resonance imaging,MRI)在临床的应用并不多。随着结构和功能成像技术的不断进步,以及磁共振成像新技术(如磁敏感加权成像、磁共振波谱成像、弥散张量成像、血氧水平依赖功能磁共振成像、磁共振灌注成像以及磁化传递成像等)的应用,磁共振成像在检测PD诊断和鉴别诊断方面的优势日益凸显。本文将就帕金森病磁共振成像研究新进展做一综述。
关键词: 帕金森病 诊断 磁共振成像 功能磁共振成像 氢质子磁共振波谱 综述
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New Developments in Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Parkinson's disease
Abstract:Parkinson's disease (PD) is recognized as the second most common neurodegenerative disorder, and affects 1~2% of the population worldwide after the age of 60 years. The incidence of PD is increasing in China with rapid aging of the population. Because of the high disability and long course, PD has greatly affected quality of life of these elders, so strategies for early and accurate diagnosis of PD is needed. Commonly used imaging techniques in PD include positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), but conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is of little use in clinical practice. However, advances in structural and functional imaging, and emerging of novel techniques, such as susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI), magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), Magnetization transfer imaging, Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging (DTI), Blood-Oxygen-Level-Dependent (BOLD) and MRI perfusion imaging,(MRPI), have improved the capacity of MRI to detect changes in PD as well as to differentiate between PD and other Parkinsonian syndromes. This review critically summarized the latest developments on the MRI in PD patients.
Keywords: Parkinson's disease,PD Diagnosis magnetic resonance imaging,MRI functional magnetic resonance imaging, fMRI magnetic resonance spectroscopy,MRS review
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