Understanding the early ovarian developmental changes in the female chickens
首发时间:2015-12-11
Abstract:The reproductive performance of female hen mainly depends on ovarian and follicular development. Therefore the complete insight of the mechanisms leading to the development of ovary is very important. In this respect we have studied early ovarian development until the formation of primordial follicles in the chicken. Our study was based on on the early ovarian development and then post hatching development of ovary. We have noticed asymmetric ovarian developmental phenomenon after E7.5 of embryonic chicken sex differentiation. The size of the right side ovary was not distinct and cortex disappeared. The right ovarian germ cell proliferation rate gradually decreased from E5.5 to E7.5 and some of them were crowded into the medullary lacunae by programmed cell death. In our another study we have noticed that the primordial follicle formation started to commence after the third day after hatching and it became rapid after first week of post hatching to two weeks of post hatching in the female chicken. In addition to this, we have observed an abnormal phenomenon during the formation of primordial follicle when a low number of the multiple oocyte follicles that were thought to be oocyte cysts and did not completely break apart during cyst breakdown due to the unknown reason. This underlying mechanisms needs further research. Therefore, our study of early ovarian development in the chicken will make a theoretical base for further understanding of the regulation of reproduction function and improving the laying performance in poultry.
keywords: chicken the right side ovary germ cell primordial follicle
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鸡早期卵泡发育的研究
摘要:母禽的繁殖性能特别是产蛋率的高低主要取决于卵巢和卵泡的发育状况。家禽卵巢发育的研究成为了解禽类繁殖机能调控和提高家禽产蛋性能的理论基础。本研究将不同发育时期的鸡胚卵巢进行左右侧形态组织结构的对比观察,以及免疫组化染色检测左右侧生殖细胞的增殖和凋亡情况。结果表明,鸡胚在E7.5 d性别分化后,左右侧卵巢开始出现不对称发育现象,随着胚龄的增大,左侧发育,右侧退化。右侧比左侧明显要短小,到发育后期差异更明显。在性别分化前后,右侧卵巢生殖细胞的增殖率有所下降,左侧则上升。E8.5 d开始,右侧卵巢出现明显的空泡和孔隙结构,凋亡蛋白的染色实验可知,右侧卵巢凋亡的生殖细胞被挤到孔隙中。此外,鸡原始卵泡的发生在出壳后3~4 d,卵母细胞簇破裂,卵母细胞与周围体细胞相互作用,形成原始卵泡。在观察卵泡发育的过程中,出现了一个有趣的现象:在出壳后两周至四周卵巢的卵泡中存在两个甚至三个卵母细胞,一个卵泡的颗粒细胞包围了多个卵母细胞。综上所述,鸡胚右侧卵巢从性别分化后开始退化,左侧发育成皮质和髓质,通过抑制雌激素的合成可以改变左右侧卵巢的发育,出壳后也影响了左侧卵巢卵泡的形成。这些结果为进一步了解禽类卵巢的发育调控和提高家禽产蛋性能提供了理论基础。
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