水酶法提取蝇蛆油和蝇蛆多肽的研究
首发时间:2017-03-02
摘要:蝇蛆中含有较高含量的蛋白和油,是一种优质的昆虫资源。利用水酶法提取蝇蛆油脂和多肽,条件温和。采用两步酶解,第一步采用Alcalase蛋白酶酶解,得到多肽含量高的酶解清液和油含量高的乳化层。优化后的酶解条件为:温度为55℃,pH为9.0,固液比为1:15,酶解时间为210min,加酶量为5000U/g蛋白,得到的水解度为23.43%,蛋白得率为69.49%。第二步酶解采用酸性蛋白酶,用于酶解乳化层,优化后的条件为:乳化液:水为1:3,pH值为3.0,酶解温度为40℃,酶解时间为240min,加酶量为2000U/g蛋白。酶解液在-18℃冷冻8h后在20℃下解冻,最终得油率为74.77%。通过对油脂色泽、酸价、过氧化值、碘值、皂化值等指标的对比可知,水酶法提取的油脂品质优于传统溶剂提取法,两种方法提取的油脂脂肪酸组成相差不大。酶解清液中的多肽大部分为低聚肽,氨基酸组成与蝇蛆蛋白相似,具有一定的营养价值。
关键词: 蝇蛆 水酶法 Alcalase 2.4L 酸性蛋白酶
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Aqueous enzymatic extraction of housefly larvae oil and peptides
Abstract:Protein and oil content as two kinds of high quality resources were both abundant in housefly larvae (maggot), so it is a kind of high-quality insect resources . Aqueous enzymatic method could extract protein and oil simultaneously with mild conditions. A two-step enzymatic hydrolysis method was used to extract oil and hydrolyze protein to peptides in this article. First, the sample was hydrolyzed by Alcalase 2.4L to gain hydrolysates of high content peptides and emulsion of high content oil. The optimal processing conditions were temperature 55℃, pH 9.0, solid/liquid ratio 1:15 (w/v), hydrolysis time 210 min, the amount of enzyme 5000 U/g protein. As a result the degree of protein hydrolysis (DH) was 23.43%, and the hydrolysates contained 69.49% protein. Secondly, acid protease was used to hydrolyze the emulsion. The optimal processing conditions were emulsion/water ratio 1:3 (w/v), pH 3.0, temperature 40℃, hydrolysis time 240 min, the amount of enzyme 2000 U/g protein. After freezing 8h at -18℃ and thawing at 20℃, the oil extraction yield could reach to 74.77% ultimately. According to the comparison of oil color, acid value, peroxide value, iodine value, saponification value, the oil quality extracted by the enzymatic method is superior to that of the traditional solvent extraction method, and the fatty acid composition of the two methods is not much different. Hydrolysates had a majority of oligopeptides. The amino acid composition was similar to housefly larvae protein.
Keywords: Housefly larvae Aqueous enzymatic Alcalase 2.4L Acid protease
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No.4719903118466914****
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