葡萄渣对羔羊瘤胃微生物区系和发酵功能的影响
首发时间:2017-04-20
摘要:葡萄渣含有丰富的缩合单宁,有可能通过影响瘤胃微生物区系和瘤胃发酵进而抑制瘤胃脂肪酸生物氢化作用,本试验研究了葡萄渣对瘤胃微生物区系和瘤胃发酵功能的影响。18只90-105日龄体重接近的杜泊(♂) ×小尾寒羊 (♀) F1代羔羊随机分为两组,对照组(CON)日粮不添加葡萄渣,葡萄渣组(GP)日粮添加16%的葡萄渣。羔羊在60天试验期结束时屠宰,通过16S rDNA测序研究了瘤胃微生物多样性,并测定了瘤胃液pH、挥发性脂肪酸浓度和氮代谢指标。结果表明,添加葡萄渣显著提高了瘤胃内容物浮霉菌门(Planctomycetes)和互养菌门(Synergistetes)相对丰度(P<0.05);在丰度>0.1%的菌属中,显著降低了韦荣球菌属(Veillonella)和月形单胞菌属(Selenomonas)的丰度(P<0.05),但对瘤胃微生物区系Alpha多样性指数和Beta多样性没有显著影响;显著降低了异丁酸浓度和氨态氮浓度(P<0.05),对其它挥发性脂肪酸和其它氮代谢参数无显著影响(P>0.05)。日粮中添加16%葡萄渣影响了瘤胃部分细菌的相对丰度,但是对瘤胃整体微生物区系多样性没有显著影响,对瘤胃发酵功能的影响也非常有限。
关键词: 动物营养与饲料科学 葡萄渣 绵羊 瘤胃发酵 微生物多样性
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Effect of grape pomace on ruminal microbial diversity and fermentation parameters in lambs
Abstract:Eighteen male Dorper (♂) ×Small-tail Han sheep (♀) F1 lambs, 90-105 days of age, were randomly assigned to 2 dietary treatments consisting of a control diet (CON) containing 0% grape pomace and a diet containing 16% grape pomace (GP). All lambs were sacrificed for tissue sampling at the end of the 60 days of experimental period.The pH, concentrations of VFAs and the nitrogen metabolism parameters in the rumen were measured and MiSeq sequencing of 16S rDNA was applied to characterize ruminal bacterial diversity.The results of MiSeq sequencing of 16S rDNA revealed that grape pomace addition did not affect the alpha diversity indices (p > 0.05), and principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) revealed that the samples were irregularly distributed and didn't cluster according to groups. The relative abundance of Planctomycetes and Synergistetes in GP group was significantly higher (p < 0.05). Within the 16 genera observed with >0.1% of relative abundance, the Veillonella and Selenomonas abundance was significantly lower in GP group (p < 0.05).
Keywords: animal nutrition and feed science grape pomace sheep rumen fermentation microbial diversity
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