铲链式花生起收机翻转放铺装置的设计与试验
首发时间:2017-05-17
摘要:花生起收后的有序放铺是我国直立型花生品种两段式收获过程的瓶颈,它影响了花生起收后的田间晾晒质量,增加了收获第二阶段捡拾-摘果联合作业的难度。本研究提出了一种首尾相接式的有序放铺方法,在目前国内链杆式花生起收机的研究基础上,增加了一种翻转放铺装置,可在农艺适应性强的前提下实现有序放铺。通过基本放铺原理设计了起收机的整体结构;依据我国直立型花生品种的生长特点,建立了花生植株在翻转轮装置、栅条式收拢装置上的受力和运动方程,经过理论分析,确定了起收机的结构参数和运动参数;研制了第一代具有翻转放铺装置的花生收获机,高速摄影法田间验证试验表明:起收后的花生植株在翻转放铺装置的作用下,能够使直立型花生植株翻转一定角度并在收拢栅条的作用下以首尾相接的状态有序铺放到地面;正交试验结果表明:机器在前进速度为1.0 m/s、链杆的回转中心转速为110 r/min、翻转轮转速为75 r/min时,有序铺放率最高,为94.1%;损失率最小,为2.0%;荚果朝上率最高,为83.0%,各项指标满足我国花生收获机械的作业标准。本研究可为深入研究花生起收放铺装置、实现花生机械化起收和捡拾-摘果两段式收获提供重要参考价值。
关键词: 农业机械 花生 收获机 放铺装置 运动学分析 高速摄影
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The design and Design and Experimental on the Overturn and Laying Device of Shovel Chain Type Peanut
Abstract:The peanut harvest after the laying order is a bottleneck in China's vertical type peanut varieties two segment harvest process, it affects the peanut harvest after the field drying quality, increase the harvest stage second picking fruit picking combined with the difficulty of the work. This study proposes an orderly laying method and connected type, based on the current domestic chain bar type peanut harvesting machine, adding a flip laying device, in the premise of agronomic adaptability to achieve orderly laying. The basic design principle of laying up the whole structure of receiver; based on the growth characteristics of China's vertical type peanut varieties, the force and motion equations are established in the peanut plant turning wheel device, bar type folding device, through theoretical analysis, to determine the structure of receiver parameters and motion parameters; developed the first generation with a flip put peanut harvester laying device, high speed photography field validation test showed that: after the peanut plants in turn laying device function, can make the erect type peanut flip angle and is connected to the grid in a closed state under the action of the orderly shop on the ground; the results of orthogonal test showed that the machine in the forward speed is 1 .0 m/s, the rotary center link speed of 110 r/min, the turning wheel speed of 75 r/min, orderly placement rate is 94.1%; The minimum loss rate was 2.0%, the highest rate of pod was in the range of 83.0%, and all the indexes met the operating standard of peanut harvesting machinery in china. This study can provide an important reference value for the further study of peanut picking and placing device, realizing the mechanization of peanut picking up and picking - picking two harvest.
Keywords: Agricultural machinery Peanut Harvesting machine Laying device Kinematic analysis High speed photography
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No.4734160126721494****
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