SCG10在神经系统发育中的功能
首发时间:2017-05-04
摘要:颈上神经节神经元特异性蛋白10(superior cervical ganglia neural-specific 10 protein,SCG10)是一种在神经系统中特异表达的神经生长相关的蛋白。它在神经系统发育过程中由神经生长因子NGF诱导,与轴突和树突的生长密切相关。SCG10在发育神经元的生长锥处高度富集,并以膜泡形式存在。SCG10能够结合α/β-微管蛋白异源二聚体,从而促进微管的解聚,是微管网络的去稳定因子。因此,SCG10可以通过调控生长锥处微管骨架的动态平衡来促进神经突起的生长和神经元迁移,从而对神经系统正常的分化和成熟起到至关重要的作用。除了表达量被严格调控外,SCG10的微管解聚活性还受到其特定位点磷酸化的调控,多种激酶参与该过程,形成一个信号调控网络。本文就SCG10在神经发育过程中的表达调控及其对神经突起生长的功能做以综述。
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Functions of SCG10 in nervous system development
Abstract:Superior cervical ganglia neural-specific 10 protein (SCG10), a neuronal growth-associated protein, is closely associated with the outgrowth of axons and dendrites. SCG10 is a neuron-specific, membrane-associated protein whose expression is developmentally regulated and induced by neuronal trophic factors. SCG10 is highly enriched in vesicles of growth cones in developing neurons. SCG10 binds soluble α/β-tubulin heterodimers, promotes depolymerization changes in microtubules, and functions as a dynamic regulator of microtubules. The expression of SCG10 promotes neurite outgrowth and neuronal migration through regulating microtubule dynamics in growth cones, and therefore plays key roles in neuronal system development and maturation. The microtubule-destabilizing activity of SCG10 is regulated by conserved and specific serine phosphorylation. Several kinases are involved in SCG10 phosphorylation, and therefore SCG10 is a phosphor-protein that links signal transduction of growth or guidance cues through serine/threonine protein kinases to alternations of microtubule dynamics in growth cones. We summarize here regulated expression of SCG10 and its function in neurite outgrowth and neuron development.
Keywords: Cell Biology SCG10 microtubule dynamics axon growth
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