Differential mineralization and metallogenic model of the mineral deposits hosted in the early Cambrian black rock series in South China

• 1、School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023
• 2、School of Earth Sciences, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013

Abstract：The early Cambrian black rock series of South China and their associated mineralization are one of the research highlights in the field of Earth Sciences.But there are huge debates for decades.Through systematic comparison of the multiple deposits hosted in the early Cambrian black rock series of South China, including Ni-Mo, barite, phosphate and vanadium deposits, we find some commons of the ore formation. For example, all the deposits have hydrothermal and seawater supplies and the organism plays an important role in the ore formation. However, there are also some differences. In the Ni-Mo deposits, Ni is mainly from hydrothermal water while Mo is mainly from seawater, and the mineralization process are affected by organism. In the barite deposit, organism impacts the ore formation and suppliessome barium. But most of the barium of the deposit is sourced from the basal Ba-rich strata that were leached by hydrothermal brine. In the phosphate deposit, the phosphate accumulates mainly in the form of colloidal phosphorite or collophanite, and large amounts of biological remains were found, which can reflect a biotic effect. In the vanadium deposit, a combined impact of terrestrial, seawater and hydrothermal was indicated. Based on these understandings, we propose a new genesis model of superimposed mineralization with tri-factors (biotic, hydrothermal and seawater),and this model may have a general significance to the mineral deposits hosted in the black rock series in South China.

Keywords： Mineral deposits hosted in black rock series Biotic mineralization Seawater mineralization Hydrothermal mineralization Differential mineralization Metallogenic model The early Cambrian South China