Identification of Main Yield and Quality Traits of Upland Cotton and Screening of Elite Germplasm Resources

• 1、North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Education Ministry, Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Research of Hebei, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China.

Abstract：Two hundred upland cottons from home and abroad were used to investigate the agronomic traits and fiber quality. The tested varieties were planted in the cotton breeding field of Cangzhou, Yancheng and Alaer. The main yield traits and fiber quality traits of the population were evaluated and the elite germplasm resources were screened acrosssix environments at threelocations in two years. The results showed that, as far as yield traits was concerned, variation coefficient of lint index(11.49%) was highest,genetic diversity index of micronaire value degree(1.98) was highest. In terms of quality traits, variation coefficient of micronaire value (6.96%) was highest, genetic diversity index of lint percentage before the frost(2.00) was highest, and these cotton germplasms were abundant in genetic diversity. The analysis of variance showed that there were significant differences among locations, years, locations and years of each trait. Principal component analysis showed that the cumulative contribution rate of the Top 3 of principal component of upland cotton germplasm was 85.48%, which could reflect most of the genetic difference information. According to six yield and quality traits, 200 varieties were divided into six groups with different traits. The first group was the group with outstanding yield traits, the fourth group was the group with outstanding quality traits, and the fifth group was the best group with comprehensive traits. Thirteen big boll materials, 84 high lint percentage materials, 49 high lint index materials, 60 high fiber length materials, 5 high fiber strength materials, 23 A-grade of fiber quality materials and 8 varieties with good comprehensive traits were screened out. The above results provide the important materials and theoretical foundation for basic research and development of new varieties in cotton.

Keywords： Upland cotton. Yield traits Quality traits Identification Screen