基于供应商群评价的供应链契约协调研究
首发时间:2018-05-14
摘要:随着企业规模的扩大,原有的单一供应商模式逐渐转变为供应商群模式,供应商群对于零售商的评价将会对新进入供应商采购决策行为产生一定的影响。因此,有必要研究当存在供应商群评价的背景下的供应链的协调问题。本文建立了Stackelberg博弈模式下的供应链的协调决策模型,构建了考虑供应商群评价时的供应商和零售商的利润函数,探讨了在此背景下供应链的协调问题,发现传统的收益共享契约不能实现供应链整体最优,在此基础上设计了事前契约——改进的收益共享契约,以及事后契约——两部定价契约来对供应链进行协调。结果表明,第一,通过合理的参数设计,改进的收益共享契约和两部定价契约都能实现供应链的协调。其次,改进的收益共享契约对供应商来说,供应商的批发价格选择更为灵活。第三,在分散模式供应链、改进的收益共享契约供应链和两部定价契约的供应链中,供应商群对零售商的评价对于供应商批发价格的影响都是正向的,且影响程度依次递减。
关键词: 供应链管理 供应商群评价 供应链协调 收益共享契约 两部定价契约
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Research on Supply Chain Contract Coordination Based on Supplier Group E v a l uation
Abstract:With the expansion of the company's scale, the original single supplier is gradually transformed into a supplier group. The evaluation of the retailer by the supplier group will have a certain impact on the new supplier’s decision-making behavior. Therefore, it is necessary to study the coordination of supply chain in the context of the evaluation of supplier group. This paper establishes a supply chain coordination decision model under the Stackelberg game model constructs the profit function of the supplier and the retailer when considering the supplier group evaluation, discusses the coordination problem of the supply chain under this background. This paper discovers the traditional revenue sharing cannot achieve the overall optimal of the supply chain. Based on this, it designs the ex ante contract—the improved revenue sharing contract, and the ex post contract—two-tariff contracts to coordinate the supply chain. The results show that, first, the supply chain coordination can be achieved through reasonable parameter design, improved revenue-sharing contract, and two-tariff contracts. Second, the improved revenue-sharing contract provides suppliers with more flexibility in choosing wholesale prices. Third, in the decentralized model supply chain, the improved revenue-sharing contract supply chain, and the two-tariff contracts, the supplier group's evaluation of the retailer's impact on the supplier's wholesale price is positive, and the degree of impact is decreasing.
Keywords: management of supply chain supplier group e v a luation supply chain coordination revenue sharing contract two-tariff contract
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