膜攻击复合物在年龄相关性黄斑变性中致病作用的研究进展
首发时间:2018-06-25
摘要:年龄相关性黄斑变性(age-related macular degeneration,AMD)是老年人视力不可逆性丧失的最常见眼科疾病,非渗出性约占90%,渗出性占10%。AMD的病因和机制复杂,已有研究表明免疫补体的调节失衡与AMD发生密切相关。"地图状萎缩斑"是非渗出性AMD的特征,同时伴随着RPE细胞的凋亡和丢失及感光细胞的萎缩变性。脉络膜新生血管(choroidal neovascularization,CNV)是渗出性AMD最明显的特征。膜攻击复合物(membrane attack complex,MAC)是补体系统激活的最终产物。近年研究发现其在AMD发展中扮演着重要角色。本文将对MAC与RPE的萎缩凋亡、CNV形成的关系,及通过抑制MAC沉积治疗渗出性和非渗出性AMD的研究进展加以综述,为AMD研究、治疗开辟新思路。
关键词: 年龄相关性黄斑变性 膜攻击复合物 免疫补体 脉络膜新生血管 视网膜色素上皮
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Research advances on the role of membrane attack complex in the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration
Abstract:Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading ophthalmological disease of irreversible loss of vision among the elderly. Approximately 90% of AMD patients suffer from non-exudative form of AMD, and the remaining AMD patients suffer from exudative form of AMD. The cause and mechanism of AMD is very complex, but numerous study indicate that the imbalance regulation of complement has an intimated relationship with AMD. "Geographic atrophy" is the feature of non-exudative AMD, with the loss and apoptosis of RPE cells and the atrophy and degeneration of photoreceptors. Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is foremost feature of exudative AMD. Membrane attack complex (MAC) is the final product of the activated complement cascade. Recently study has found the MAC plays an important role in the development of AMD. In this article, we will review the relationship between MAC and apoptosis of RPE and the formation of CNV, and the study progress of inhibiting the deposition of MAC to treat exudative and non-exudative AMD, in order to explore a new thought for the therapy of AMD and its application.
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膜攻击复合物在年龄相关性黄斑变性中致病作用的研究进展
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