湖南省旱稻孢囊线虫的发生及鉴定
首发时间:2018-09-11
摘要:【目的】本研究从形态学、分子生物学上对湖南省水稻根际土壤中的孢囊线虫进行了种类鉴定,并对其生物学特征进行了初步的研究,旨在为控制该线虫病害提供理论依据。【方法】运用线虫比较形态学,经用光学显微镜和扫描电镜对孢囊线虫阴门锥膜孔特征,二龄幼虫头部细微结构等的观察及对其有关体值的测量,结合PCR技术对该线虫rDNA-ITS区进行扩增和序列分析,对采自湖南省多个地方的水稻线虫样品进行鉴定,同时对该线虫生物学特性进行了初步的研究。【结果】(1)确定该线虫为旱稻孢囊线虫(Heterodera elachista);(2)旱稻孢囊线虫适合孵化温度为25℃~35℃,最适孵化温度为30℃;(3)旱稻孢囊线虫最高致死温度为52℃ 1min;(4)旱稻孢囊线虫可以侵染水稻;(5)旱稻孢囊线虫28℃完成一个世代约为5周。【结论】在湖南省水稻根际土壤中发现的孢囊线虫为旱稻孢囊线虫。
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Species identification and occurrence investigation of the Cyst Nematode (Heterodera elachista) in Hunan Province
Abstract:【Objective】The Species of the Cyst Nematode (Heterodera elachista) in Hunan Province were identificated by morphology as well as Molecular biology and the biological characteristics were studied in order to provide a theoretical basis for controlling of Cyst Nematode (Heterodera elachista).【Method】Many similar brown or dark brown cysts with alive eggs and juvenile were isolated by flotation method. The observations and measures of morphological character- istics of cysts and larvae by light microscopy(LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), amplificating rDNA-ITS region by PCR demonstrated that these cysts.And the study aimed to determine the biological characteristics of Heterodera elachista. 【Result】 (1) the cysts were Heterodera elachista, (2) the temperature growth range was 25-35℃, but the optimum incubation temperature was 30℃, (3) the maximum fatal temperature of Heterodera elachistais was 52℃ 1min, (4) the rice plants infected by Heterodera elachistais, (5) One generation of Heterodera elachistais needed about 5 weeks (28℃). 【Conclusion】The Cyst Nematode were identificated around rice roots in Hunan Province was Heterodera elachistais.
Keywords: Heterodera elachista morphological identification molecular identification biological characteristics
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