中性粒细胞胞外诱捕网研究进展
首发时间:2018-09-27
摘要:多形核中性粒细胞(Poly-morphonuclear Neutrophils,PMN)是机体天然免疫系统中第一条防线的重要组分。以往研究发现,PMN杀灭病原微生物主要通过其脱颗粒及吞噬作用,最近发现一种新的方式--中性粒细胞通过释放自身裂解的DNA形成网状结构,使其多种蛋白镶嵌在网状结构上,形成胞外诱捕网(neutrophil extracellular traps, NETs),包裹病原微生物并对其进行杀灭。研究表明NETs的出现对机体而言是一把双刃剑,NETs有利于机体杀灭病原微生物,且是自身免疫性疾病的强诱发因素,可导致各种急慢性炎症性疾病的发生。本文就NETs的形成、影响因素及其与机体自身免疫性疾病的关系作一概述。
关键词: 中性粒细胞 胞外诱捕网 杀菌作用 自身免疫性疾病 免疫抑制
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Progress in Neutrophil Extracellular Traps
Abstract:Poly-morphonuclear Neutrophils (PMN) as main members in the innate immune response form the first line of defense. Previous studies have found that PMN killed pathogenic microorganisms mainly by their degranulation and phagocytosis. Recently another mechanism-the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) which were composed of decondensed chromatin and antimicrobial proteins, which capture and kill a variety of microbes including bacteria, parasites and fungi. However, research has shown that NETs were actually a double-edged sword. NETs not only were conducive to host killed pathogenic microorganisms, but also causes autoimmune diseases, which can lead to various acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. This article reviews the composition of NETs, influenced factors of NETs and the relationship of autoimmune diseases.
Keywords: Neutrophils extracellular traps bactericidal effect autoimmune disease immune suppression
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