Review: on maize grain harvest mechanization and its influencing factors
首发时间:2019-07-22
Abstract:Mechanically harvesting is important indicator of technology transformation in agricultural production, increase farm efficiency, income and productivity and solves the contradiction between labour shortage and maize production, but often increase the grain lost, ear lost and breakage percentage due to high grain moisture content at harvest which is the key problem of harvest mechanization in maize production. This paper reviewed relationship between the grain moisture content and its relation to grain filling, agronomy character and management, genetic character and environmental factor. The effect of moisture content on these factor and provide the possible way to increase the harvest mechanization also analyzed. The result provide a basis for increase maize mechanization harvest by selecting suitable varieties with the fast dehydration rate and adopt to the environmental condition. Improvement of maize varieties should done through the breading in concern of yield and quality, lodging resistance, fast dehydration rate and low moisture content at physical maturity.
keywords: Maize grain mechanically harvest grain moisture content influencing factors
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玉米籽粒机械收获及其影响因素研究综述
摘要:机械收获是农业生产技术革新的重要标志,其提高了农业生产效率、收益和生产力,解决了劳动力短缺与玉米生产发展的矛盾,但也往往由于玉米收获期籽粒水分含量高而增加了落粒、落穗损失和籽粒破碎率,这是玉米生产中影响籽粒机械收获的关键问题。本文综述了玉米籽粒含水率与籽粒灌浆、农艺性状及管理、遗传性状及环境因子的关系,同时也分析了籽粒水分含量对这些因素的影响,以及提高籽粒机械化收获水平的可能途径。分析结果认为选择脱水速度快、适应栽培环境条件的适宜品种是提高玉米籽粒机械化收获的基础。玉米品种的改良应选择产量高和品质优良、抗倒伏性强、脱水速度快、生理成熟期水分含量低等方面进行。
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