大沙沟流域山洪灾害易发性评价及易发因素研究
首发时间:2019-12-30
摘要:近年来,黄土高原汛期常发生极端的特大暴雨,强降雨条件诱发的山洪灾害常造成严重的城市内涝,严重威胁着当地的生命财产安全。因此进行相关的山洪易发性研究显得尤为重要。本文以兰州市大沙沟流域为研究对象,以20m分辨率的DEM数据为基础,基于Flow-R山洪易发性模拟软件定量计算研究区内的山洪易发性概率,并进行易发性分区,整个研究区内,高易发区占4.05%,中易发区占6.24%,低易发区占6.04%。最后通过对易发区的高程、坡度、平面曲率、岩性、建筑物五大要素的分析,发现高程位于1700~1800m之间,地形坡度<10°,平面曲率在(-1~1)之间的近平坦松散堆积沟道区是受山洪灾害影响较大的重灾区。除坡度、平面曲率等原始地形条件外,研究区内的人类工程活动对地形地貌和植被覆盖情况的破坏,是造成山洪高发的重要因素。研究结果表明采用Flow-R模型计算出的山洪易发区可以作为制定相关防洪规划的重要依据。
关键词: 地质资源与地质工程 山洪 易发性评价 Flow-R模型 易发因素
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The Study on Assessment of Mountain Torrent Susceptibility and its Factors in Dashagou Basin
Abstract:In recent years, extreme heavy rains have often occurred in the flood season on the Loess Plateau, and mountain torrent caused by heavy rainfall conditions often cause severe urban flooding and seriously threaten local life and property safety. Therefore, it is particularly important to carry out related mountain torrent susceptibility research. This paper takes the Dashagou Basin of Lanzhou City as the research object, based on the DEM with a resolution of 20m, based on the Flow-R mountain torrent susceptibility simulation software to quantitatively calculate the probability of mountain torrent susceptibility in the study area, and to carry out zoning of susceptibility. Throughout the study area, there were 4.05% of high-prone areas, 6.24% of medium-prone areas, and 6.04% of low-prone areas. Finally, through analysis of the five major factors of elevation, slope, plane curvature, lithology, and buildings in the susceptible area, It is found that the near-flat loose accumulation channel area with elevation between 1700~1800m and plane curvature between -1~1 with slope<10° is the most heavily affected by mountain torrent. In addition to the original topographical conditions such as slope and plane curvature, the destruction of topographical landforms and vegetation coverage by human engineering activities in the study area is an important factor causing high incidence of mountain torrent. The results show that the mountain torrent susceptible areas calculated by the Flow-R model can be used as an important basis for formulating relevant flood control plans.
Keywords: Geological Resources and Geological Engineering Mountain Torrent Assessment of Susceptibility Flow-R Model Inducing Factors
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