基于人肠道微生物体外发酵的益生元比较研究
首发时间:2020-03-26
摘要:可发酵的益生元可诱导肠道内特定有益菌群的生长和/或活性,并可增加短链脂肪酸(Short-chain fatty acids,SCFAs)的含量,被认为是一种调节肠道菌群有效的策略。由于不同研究中模型和宿主的不一致性,不同益生元的益生作用很难相互比较。本研究使用体外发酵模型比较了十一种益生元对人肠道微生物及代谢物SCFAs的影响。十一种益生元包括低聚果糖(Fructo-oligosaccharide,FOS)、低聚半乳糖(Galacto-oligosaccharide,GOS)、低聚木糖(Xylo-oligosaccharide,XOS)、低聚异麦芽糖(Isomalto-oligosaccharide,IMOS)、菊粉(Inulin)、魔芋粉(Konjac flour,KF)、甘露寡糖(Mannan-oligosaccharide,MOS)、褐藻寡糖(Alginate-oligosaccharide,AOS)、壳寡糖(Chitosan oligosaccharide,COS)、β-葡聚糖(β-glucan)和抗性糊精(Resistant dextrin,RD)。结果表明,这些益生元在不同程度上均调节了人肠道菌群的结构,并促进了有益SCFAs积累。根据对菌群特定的调节作用,将十一种益生元分为3组,通过两两组比较发现13种差异物种,其中大多数属于厚壁菌门。作为对体内研究结果的有效补充,该研究结果还显示了这些益生元在调节肠道菌群结构方面的相似性和独特性。
关键词: 益生元 人肠道微生物 体外发酵;短链脂肪酸
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Comparative study of prebiotics based on in vitro fermentation of human gut microbiota
Abstract:Fermentable prebiotic induces the growth and/or activity of specific beneficial microbial populations. They also increase short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and are considered promising strategies for modulating gut microbiota. Because of model and host variability in different studies, the probiotic effects of different fibers are often difficult to compare. Here, the effects of prebiotics on human gut microbiota and metabolites SCFAswere compared using an in vitro fermentation model. Eleven prebiotics were investigated, including fructo-oligosaccharide, galacto-oligosaccharide, xylo-oligosaccharide, isomalto-oligosaccharide, inulin, konjac flour, manno-oligosaccharide, alginate-oligosaccharide, chitosan-oligosaccharide, β-glucan, resistant dextrin. The results show that these prebiotics regulated gut microbiota structures to varying degrees, and promoted beneficial SCFAs. Based on specific regulatory effects in microbiota, 11 prebiotics were divided into 3 groups, and the 13 indicator OTUs were found by pairwise comparison, and most of which belonged to Firmicutes. As an effective supplement to the results of in vivo studies, this study also showed the similarity and distinctiveness of these prebiotics in regulating the structure of gut microbiota.
Keywords: prebiotics human gut microbiota in vitro fermentation short-chain fatty acids
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