人参属不同栽培居群内转录间隔区(ITS)遗传多样性分析
首发时间:2020-05-15
摘要:为建立快速分子鉴别人参属栽培居群的方法,确定其亲缘关系,本研究对人参属 34个栽培居群的核糖体 DNA内转录间隔区(ITS)片段进行了PCR扩增、测序、多重比对及遗传多样性分析,并构建了人参属居群的系统发育树。结果表明:人参和西洋参5.8S区分别为162bp和160bp,其5.8S和ITS2区可以作为人参和西洋参鉴别的目标。人参与西洋参SNP变异位点主要集中分布在ITS区的4个位点上,人参为:(ITS1)A143---(5.8S)A/G262---(ITS2)C441---(ITS2)T452,而西洋参为(ITS1)C143--- (5.8S)G262 --- (ITS2)T441 ---(ITS2)C452。 基于人参和西洋参的ITS2区序列可将西洋参完全聚为一小支,且将高丽参、林下参和园参区分开来; 所有29个人参居群的ITS2序列聚类,可将大部分的园参聚在一起,说明在人参种内,园参与其他栽培品种亲缘关系较远。本研究为快速鉴定人参属的人参和西洋参提供了新方法,为人参属植物的亲缘关系进一步研究奠定了基础。
关键词: 人参属 内转录间隔区(ITS) 快速分子鉴定 遗传多样性
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Genetic Diversity Analysis of the Internal Transcribed Spacers (ITS) of the Cultivated Populations of Panax
Abstract:In order to establish a rapid molecular identification method for the cultivated populations of Panax and get an insight into its genetic relationship, the internal transcribed spacers of the collected 34 cultivated populations of Panax were PCR amplified, sequenced, and multiple aligned for the genetic diversity analysis. Results showed that the 5.8S region of the Panax ginseng C.A Meyer and Panax quinquefolium being 162bp and 160bp in size respectively together with the ITS2 region can be used for the molecular identification of P. ginseng and P. quinquefolium. The specific SNP fingerprints for both were at the same 4 nucleotide sites in the whole ITS : (ITS1)A143---(5.8S)A/G262---(ITS2)C441---(ITS2)T452 for P. ginseng, and (ITS1)C143---(5.8S)G262---(ITS2)T441---(ITS2)C452 for P. quinquefolium. The phylogenetic tree constructed from the ITS2 regions showed that all the P. quinquefolium, all the Korean gingseng, and the garden gingseng and the wild gingseng cluster in 3 separate clades respectively; and the phylogenetic tree based on all the 29 cultivated populations of P. ginseng showed that most of the garden gingseng cluster together, indicating that there is some distance between the garden ginseng and other cultivars in ginseng. These results provided novel method for the rapid identification of P. ginseng and P. quinquefolium, and laid a foundation for further research on the genetic relationship within the genus Panax.
Keywords: Panax Internal transcribed spacer (ITS) Rapid molecular identification Genetic relationship
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人参属不同栽培居群内转录间隔区(ITS)遗传多样性分析
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