制革工业铬污染防治技术研究进展
首发时间:2020-09-03
摘要:铬污染问题一直制约着制革工业的发展,是制革工业可持续健康发展所必须克服的巨大障碍。本文从源头减排、末端治理及资源化利用三个方面着重综述了制革工业铬污染的防治技术研究进展,较为详细地介绍了高吸收铬鞣、逆转铬鞣、铬液循环利用、少铬结合鞣、无铬鞣等源头铬减排技术,碱沉淀、吸附、膜处理、离子交换等含铬废水处理技术,填埋、焚烧、热解、生物淋滤、脱铬处理等含铬固体废弃物处理技术,以及制备农用肥料、建筑材料、吸附材料、再生皮革、造纸材料、功能材料及再生铬鞣剂等含铬污染物资源化利用技术。最后展望了制革工业铬污染防治技术未来的发展和面临的挑战,指出源头铬减排技术是解决制革工业铬污染的根本途径,其中无铬鞣技术将是彻底消除铬污染的关键所在。
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Research Progress of Chromium Pollution Prevention-Treatment Technology in Leather Industry
Abstract:Chromium pollution has always restricted the sustainable and healthy development of leather industry, which is a huge obstacle that must be overcome. This article focused on the research progress on the prevention and treatment technology of chromium pollution in leather industry from source reduction, end treatment and resource utilization.These techniques are summarized in detail, including reducing chromium pollution emission at the origin such as high exhaustion chrome tanning, reverse chrome tanning, chrome tanning wastewater recycling, chromium-less tanning and chrome-free tanning, treating chromium-containing wastewate such as alkali precipitation, adsorption, membrane treatment and ion exchange, treating chrome-containing solid waste such as landfill, incineration, pyrolysis, bioleaching and dechrome treatment, resourcefully utilizing chromium pollutants such as agricultural fertilizers, construction materials, adsorption materials, regenerated leather, papermaking materials, functional materials and regenerated chrome tanning agents. Finally, the future development and challenges of chromium pollution prevention and treatment technology in leather industry is prospected. It is pointed out that source reduction technologies are the fundamental way to solve chromium pollution of leather industry, and chromium-free tanning technology will be the key to completely eliminate chrome pollution.
Keywords: leather industry chromium pollution source reduction end treatment resource utilization
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