哺乳动物诱导型合成启动子的研究现状
首发时间:2021-04-09
摘要:细胞是生命活动的基本单位哺乳动物诱导型合成启动子的研究现状,其复杂的生理功能受到基因的精确调控。启动子作为调控基因转录水平的重要元件,通过与特定的转录因子共同作用来调节转录开关的松紧从而操控蛋白质的合成,进一步调控细胞的生命活动。近些年来,合成生物学的兴起推动了人工合成启动子相关研究的进展。科学家通过理性设计新型合成启动子元件,实现了天然启动子难以实现的可控、可调等全新的特性,为哺乳动物细胞基因转录过程提供了高时空精度的调控工具,从而赋予了人们更多的自主设计空间来定向改造哺乳动物细胞。本文围绕哺乳动物细胞中常用的诱导型合成启动子研究进行综述,总结了近年来哺乳动物诱导型合成启动子的研究现状。
关键词: 细胞生物学 转录调控 哺乳动物诱导型启动子。
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The Inducible Promoters in Mammalian Cell
Abstract:Cell is the basic unit of life activity and its complex physiological function is tightly regulated by the coordination of gene expression. Promoters, together with specific transcription factors, finely control protein synthesis via regulating transcription progress, thus play a crucial role in gene expression processes. In recent years, the rise in synthetic biology has been promoting the development of artificial synthetic promoters in mammalian cells to a new stage. Via rational design of synthetic parts and devices, controllable and tunable synthetic promoter has been realized, enabling precise control over cellular behavior in a spatial and temporal manner. Because of the advantage of controllability in transcriptional level, more and more artificial synthetic promoters have been designed and redesigned for utilization in mammalian cell engineering. This review summarizes several commonly used inducible synthetic promoters and their application in mammalian cells.
Keywords: cytobiology transcriptional regulation inducible mammalian promoter
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