球面传声器阵列函数型延迟求和波束形成的性能增强
首发时间:2022-03-29
摘要:基于球面传声器阵列的函数型延迟求和波束形成(Functional delay and sum beamforming, FDAS)能360 全景识别声源,但在低信噪比环境下其输出的声学成像旁瓣污染严重,声源识别性能劣化。为克服该问题,以基于对角重构法(Diagonal reconstruction, DRec)、鲁棒主成分分析法(Robust principal component analysis, RPCA)和概率因子分析法(Probabilistic factor analysis, PFA)对阵列传声器测量声压信号互谱矩阵进行降噪处理为途径,建立了三种增强的FDAS (Enhanced FDAS, EFDAS)方法,即EFDAS-DRec、EFDAS-RPCA和EFDAS-PFA。声源识别性能的仿真分析结果表明:三种方法均能显著增强FDAS的声源识别性能;EFDAS-DRec的声压信号互谱矩阵重建精度最低,旁瓣抑制能力最弱,但声源量化精度最高;EFDAS-RPCA和EFDAS-PFA的声压信号互谱矩阵重建精度高,旁瓣抑制能力强、声学成像清晰,但在低快拍数、低信噪比情况下声源量化精度低。普通房间中的扬声器声源识别实验验证了所建立方法的有效性和仿真分析结论的正确性。
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Performance enhancement of functional delay and sum beamforming for spherical microphone arrays
Abstract:Functional delay and sum beamforming(FDAS) for spherical microphone arrays can achieve 360 panoramic acoustic source identification. However, its acoustic imaging suffers from serious sidelobe contamination under low signal-noise ratio(SNR), which deteriorates the sound source identification performance. To overcome the problem, the cross-spectrum matrix(CSM) of the measured sound pressure signal is denoised with diagonal reconstruction(DRec), robust principal component analysis(RPCA) and probabilistic factor analysis(PFA), and then three enhanced FDAS methods are established, namely EFDAS-DRec, EFDAS-RPCA and EFDAS-PFA. Simulation shows that the three methods can significantly enhance the sound source identification performance of FDAS. EFDAS-DRec has lowest CSM reconstruction accuracy, poorest sidelobe suppression, but highest strength quantization accuracy. EFDAS-RPCA and EFDAS-PFA have low CSM reconstruction accuracy, strong sidelobe suppression, clear acoustic imaging, but low strength quantization accuracy in the case of a small number of snapshots and low SNR. The effectiveness of the established methods and the correctness of the simulation analysis conclusions are verified by the acoustic source identification experiment in an ordinary room.
Keywords: spherical microphone array functional beamforming acoustic source identification performance enhancement
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球面传声器阵列函数型延迟求和波束形成的性能增强
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