滚筒式洗衣机内微生物群落定植过程及臭味产生机制解析
首发时间:2022-11-24
摘要:滚筒洗衣机由于微生物污染经常形成黑色生物膜并产生难闻的气味,对人体健康造成潜在威胁。本研究利用宏基因组学对正常使用频率12个月的新洗衣机胶门密封件和外桶内壁上的微生物群落时空动态变化进行分析,分离并鉴定其微生物及代谢气体组成。结果显示,主要细菌为不动杆菌属、根瘤菌属、鞘氨醇单胞菌属、假单胞菌属、金黄杆菌属和贪铜菌属等,主要真菌为毕赤酵母菌属和红酵母菌属,进一步发现多种微生物在洗衣机内橡胶门密封件和外桶内壁上能共生形成生物膜,并成为洗衣机中恶臭气味的重要来源。通过气相色谱监测发现恶臭主要成分为二甲基二硫醚,进一步分离微生物进行单菌落产气分析,解析出洗衣机微生物产二甲基二硫醚的差异,不动杆菌、恶臭假单胞菌、根瘤菌和贪铜菌能产生大量的二甲基二硫醚含量为6.9%-42.31%。研究结果为洗衣机中污染微生物及其臭味控制奠定基础。
关键词: 洗衣机 微生物群 恶臭假单胞菌 二甲基二硫醚化物 不动杆菌。
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Microorganism colonization process and odor generation mechanism in drum washing machine
Abstract:Due to microbial contamination, drum washing machines often form black biofilm and produce unpleasant odor, which poses a potential threat to human health. In this study, macrogenomics was used to analyze the temporal and spatial dynamic changes of microbial communities on the rubber door seals of washing machines and the inner wall of outer barrels that were normally used for 12 months, and to isolate and identify their microbial and metabolic gas compositions. The results showed that the main bacteria were Acinetobacter, Rhizobium, Sphingomonas, Pseudomonas, Chrysanthemum and Cuprophilica, and the main fungi were Pichia and Rhodotorula. It was further found that a variety of microorganisms could form biofilms on the inner rubber door seals and the inner wall of the outer barrel of the washing machine, and became an important source of the odor in the washing machine. Through gas chromatography monitoring, it was found that the main component of malodor was dimethyl disulfide. Further isolated microorganisms were used to analyze the gas production of single colony, and the difference in the production of dimethyl disulfide by washing machine microorganisms was analyzed. Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas putida, Rhizobium and Cuprophilic bacteria could produce a large amount of dimethyl disulfide, with the content of 6.9% - 42.31%. The results lay a foundation for the control of microorganisms and odor in washing machines.
Keywords: washing machine microbiota Pseudomonas putida dimethyl disulfide Acinetobacter
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