The effect of latent infection of anthracnose fungus on postharvest physiology of litchi fruits and the environmental conditions on growth of pathogenic fungus(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Penz.) were studied. The results showed that respiration rate, ethylene production and malondialdehyde (MDA) content of the fruits latently infected by anthracnose fungus were evidently increased. the mycelial growth, sporulation and conidial germination of litchi anthracnose fungus was primarily studied. For the mycelial growth of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides the range of temperature was 8℃-38℃, the optimum being 28℃-32℃, and the range of pH was 3-10, the optimum being 5-6. For the sporulation, the range of temperature was 12-36℃, the optimum being 28℃-32℃, and the range of pH was 3-10, the optimum being 3-4. For the conidial germination, the range of temperature was 8-38℃, the optimum being 28-32℃, and the range of pH was 3-10, the optimum being 6-7. When relative humidity reached 100% or in water, the percentage of conidial germination was highest. The lethal temperature for the spores was 50℃ remaining 10 minutes, while the lethal temperature for the mycelium was 60℃ remaining 30 minutes.