objective: To look for an ideal substance to repair large gap of nerve defect after injury by culture of Schwann cells (Scs) and preparation of acellular allogenous nerve grafts (ANG) with chemical extraction. Methods: The double adhesion culture and Arab-c to prohibit the fibrablast growth were used to achieve high-purmed Scs. Triton-x-100 and sodiunl deoxycholate were used to achieve ANG. Finny the Scs were microinjected into the acellural nerve grafts and cultured in vitro. The consequence was analysed. Results: nigh purified Scs and ANG were acquired, which could integra teeach other wel1. Scs could survive and transfer to aline in vitro. Conclusions: Populating Scs into chemical extracted ANG may be anideal substance to repair the large gap of nerve defect after injury.