The state-of-art of the pick-up, the process and the regeneration of central neural signals by means of microelectronic techniques are reviewed. The in-detail discussed topics include the electrodes for neural signal pick-up and for the function electrical stimulation (FES) of neurons, the integrated circuits (IC) for the neural signal process and for the FES-signal generation, the energy supply and the low-power design of the ICs, as well as the biocompatibility test and the micro operation of the whole system implanted in-body.