The internal distribution of spectral radiation absorption in one-dimensional semitransparent slab, sphere and cylinder irradiated uniformly and isotropically is determined by the ray tracing method, and the detailed theory for computation are deduced. The computed results show that the internal distribution of spectral radiation absorption in slab differs from that in spherical and cylindrical particles. The peak of internal volumetric spectral radiation absorption may locate at interior shell of the semitransparent sphere and cylinder. The dimensionless volumetric spectral radiation absorption is higher near the center for weakly absorbing or small size parameter, but is higher near the surface for strongly absorbing or large spheres and cylinders. Refraction focuses the rays close to the sphere and cylinder center. With the increases of the refractive index, the dimensionless volumetric spectral radiation absorption increases near the sphere and cylinder centers and decreases near the sphere and cylinder surfaces.